4 討論
本次從五指那藤中分得的成分中,羽扇豆醇(1)、白樺酮酸(2)、白樺脂酸(3)和3-表-白樺脂酸(4)均屬於羽扇豆烷型五環三萜苷元。其中3具有抗炎、鎮痛、抗潰瘍,抗菌、抗艾滋病毒(HIV)、抗單純皰疹病毒1型(HSV-1)以及抗瘧和驅蠕蟲等藥理作用[18],部分作用與五指那藤的祛風止痛功用有關。4為藕節炭止血作用的主要有效成分之一,且作用靶點可能是對凝血,抗凝和血栓形成過程中某些環節起作用[19],推測與五指那藤治療跌打損傷的功用有關。木通種酸(5)和24-O-乙酰木通種酸(6)為去甲五環三萜苷元,5具有抗HIV蛋白酶和抗糖尿病作用[20-21],關於新的天然產物6,未見有其藥理活性的報道。除19種成分外,尚分離得到2種新七糖三萜化合物及β-穀甾醇等成分,新化合物報道見另文。
所得皂苷均為常春藤皂苷或去甲常春藤型皂苷,與五加科刺楸屬中具有祛風除濕作用的刺楸Kalopanax septemlobus(Thunb.)Koidz.所含成分類似,以刺楸皂苷A(9)為代表,文獻報道刺楸皂苷A具鎮痛、抗炎活性和抗類風濕作用以及抗糖尿病作用[22],刺楸皂苷J(10)也有抗風濕作用,刺楸皂苷B(13)、刺楸皂苷K(17)經腸內細菌代謝後可產生具有鎮痛抗炎作用的刺楸皂苷A [23-24]。這些與五指那藤的治療風濕骨痛以及藥效持續均有關聯。
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Triterpenoids from Stauntonia obovatifoliola
Hayata subsp. intermedia stems
LU Xu-ran1, LIU Shuo1, WANG Man-yuan1, GONG Mu-xin1*, WANG Zhi-min2, CHEN Xiao-qing1
(1.School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;
2. Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China)
[Abstract]In the current study, a total of nineteen triterpenoids(1-19) from 60% EtOH extracts of Stauntonia obovatifoliola Hayata subsp. intermedia stems were separated and purified by solvent extraction and chromatographic methods including silica gel, ODS as well as preparative HPLC. According to the results of chemical reactions and spectral data, compounds were identified as: lupeol(1), betulinonic acid(2), betulinic acid(3), 3-epi-betulinic acid(4), quinatic acid(5), 24-O-acetyl quinatic acid(6), 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-30-nor-hederagenin-28-O-α-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester(7), Stauntoside A(8), kalopanax saponin A(9), kalopanax saponin J(10), Kizuta saponin K10(11), 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin-28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester(12), kalopanax saponin B(13), 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester(14), sieboldianoside A(15), septemoside A(16), kalopanax saponin K(17), septemloside I(18), and 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl- hederagenin(19). Among them, compounds 4, 6, 10, 12, 14, and 16-19 were isolated from the Stauntonia genus for the first time, and compound 6 was a new natural product.
[Key words] Stauntonia obovatifoliola Hayata subsp. intermedia; chemical constituents; triterpenoids
doi:10.4268/cjcmm20142329
[責任編輯 丁廣治]