正文 第7章 第四點計劃——戰後美國發展援助思想與政策的形成(4)(2 / 3)

【2】Rollin S.Atwood,"The United States Point Four Programe:A Bilateral Approach,"A nnals of the American A cademy of Political and Social Science,Vol.323,May 1959,p.34.

【3】Sergei Y.Shenin,The United States and the Third World:The Origins of Postw ar Relations and the Point Four Program,New York:Nova Science Publishers,Inc,1999,p.3.

【4】Vernon W.Ruttan,United States Development Assistance Policy:The Domestic Politics of foreign Economic Aid,Baltimore:The Johns Hopkins University Press,1996,p.37.

【5】Simon G.Hanson,"L atin American and the Point Four Program,"A nnals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,Vol.268,March1950,p.70.

【6】本節中的數據除特別注明外,均出自Merrill,Documentary History of the Truman Presidency,Vol.27,pp.366—375.

【7】Vernon W.Ruttan,United States Development Assistance Policy:The Domestic Politics of Foreign Economic Aid,Baltimore:The Johns Hopkins University Press,1996,p.38.

【8】劉緒貽、楊生茂主編:《美國通史》,第6卷,人民出版社2002年版,第39頁。

【9】《戰後世界曆史長編》編委會:《戰後世界曆史長編》(1949年),第一編,第五分冊,上海人民出版社1980年版,第67頁。

【10】Harry S.Truman,"Inaugural address,Thursday,January 20,1949,"Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States,1949,Washington:United States Government Printing Office,1964,pp.114—115.

【11】"The President's News Conference of January 27,1949,"Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States,1949,pp.118—119.

【12】Jerry N.Hess,"Oral History Interview with Clark M.Clifford,"http://trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/cliford6.htm.

【13】Richard D.McKinzie,"Oral History Interview with Francis Russell",http://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/russellf.htm.

【14】Sergei Y.Shenin,The United States and the Third World:The Origins of Postw ar Relations and the Point Four Program,New York:Nova Science Publishers,Inc,1999,p.11.

【15】《戰後世界曆史長編》編委會:《戰後世界曆史長編》(1949年),第一編,第五分冊,上海人民出版社1980年版,第11頁。

【16】Richard D.McKinzie and Theodore A.Wilson,"Oral History Interview with Willard L.Thorp,"http://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/thorpw.htm.

【17】Department of State,"Memorandum of Conversation,by Secretary of State,January 24,1949,"Foreign Relations of the United States,1949,Vol.Ⅰ,p.757.(Hereafter Cited as FRUS,with Appropriate Year,Volume and Page).

【18】Department of State,"Department of State Press Release No.58,January 26,1949,"FRUS,1949,Vol.Ⅰ,p.759.

【19】"Memorandum by the Secretary of State to President Truman,January 28,1949,"FRUS,1949,Vol.Ⅰ,p.759.

【20】McKinzie and Wilson,"Oral History Interview with Willard L.Thorp,"http://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/thorpw.htm.

【21】"Operational Memorandum Regarding the Technical Assistance Working Group,February 9,1949,"FRUS,1949,Vol.Ⅰ,p.770.

【22】"Objectives and Nature of the Point Ⅳ Programe,"FRUS,1949,Vol.Ⅰ,pp.777—778.

【23】"Objectives and Nature of the Point Ⅳ Programe,"FRUS,1949,Vol.Ⅰ,p.777.

【24】"Objectives and Nature of the Point Ⅳ Programe,"FRUS,1949,Vol.Ⅰ,pp.779—780.

【25】"The Secretary of State to Presidency Truman,March 14,1949,"FRUS,1949,Vol.Ⅰ,p.775.

【26】Thomas G.Paterson,Meeting the Communist Threat:From Truman to Reagan,NewYork:Oxford University Press,1988,pp.150—151.

【27】Sergei Y.Shenin,The United States and the Third World:The Origins of Postw ar Relations and the Point Four Program,New York:Nova Science Publishers,Inc,1999,p.29.

【28】"Minutes of Meeting(No.123)of the National Advisory Council,April14,1949,"FRUS,1949,Vol.Ⅰ,p.785.

【29】很多國會議員反對第四點計劃,主要是對第四點計劃在期限上的無限性和它捉摸不定的開支感到疑慮,認為這是一個支付大量錢財而無明確的和具體的長期規劃計劃。見《戰後世界曆史長編》編委會:《戰後世界曆史長編》(1949年),第一編,第五分冊,上海人民出版社1980年版,第14頁。

【30】Harry S.Truman,"Special Message to the Congress Recommending Point 4 Legislation,June24,1949,"Merrill,Documentary History of the Truman Presidency,Vol.27,pp.108—111.

【31】81st Congress st Session,H.R.5615,Merrill,Documentary History of the Truman Presidency,Vol.27,pp.126—131.

【32】W.W.Rostow,The United States in the World A rena:an Essay in Recent History,New York:Harper &Brothers,Publishers,1960,pp.256—257.

【33】Harry S.Truman,"Annual Message to the Congress on the State of the Union,January 4th,1950,"Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States,1950,Washington:United States Government Printing Office,1965,p.5.

【34】Harry S.Truman,"Annual Message to the Congress:The President's Economic Report,January 6,1950,"Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States,1950,p.30.

【35】"Section by Section Comparison of H.R.5615 and H.R.6026,"Merrill,Documentary H istory of the T ruman Presidency,Vol.27,pp.113—125.

【36】國內學術界大都把艾奇遜發表演說的時間說成是1月23日,如《戰後世界曆史長編》第一編第五分冊,第17頁;資中筠主編:《戰後美國外交史——從杜魯門到裏根》上冊,世界知識出版社1994年版,第187頁。而艾奇遜發表演說的時間是在1月12日,該演說的正式文稿第一次公開發表的時間是1月23日,發表在這一天出版的美國國務院公報上("Acheson's Speech on the Far East,January 12,1950,"The Department of State Bulletin,January 23,1950,pp.111—119.)。

【37】"Act for International Development:Public Law 535,June5,1950,"Department of State:American Foreign Policy,1950— 1955:Basic Documents,Vol.Ⅱ,New York:A rno Press,1971,pp.3048—3050.

【38】Sergei Y.Shenin,The United States and the Third World:The Origins of Postw ar Relations and the Point Four Program,New York:Nova Science Publishers,Inc,1999,p.66.

【39】Sergei Y.Shenin,The United States and the Third World:The Origins of Postw ar Relations and the Point Four Program,New York:Nova Science Publishers,Inc,1999,p.67.

【40】"Memorandum by the Technical Cooperation Administrator(Bennett)to the Director of the Management Staff(Heneman),April20,1951,"FRUS,1951,Vol.Ⅰ,p.1644.

【41】Sergei Y.Shenin,The United States and the Third World:The Origins of Postw ar Relations and the Point Four Program,New York:Nova Science Publishers,Inc,1999,pp.76—77.

【42】"NSC68,"FRUS,1950,Vol.Ⅰ,p.278.

【43】"Statement by the President in Response to the Gray Report on Foreign Economic Policy,November 12,1950,"Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States,1950,p.707.

【44】Gordon Gray,"Report to the President on Foreign Economic Policies",轉引自戰後世界曆史長編編委會:《戰後世界曆史長編》第6冊,上海人民出版社1980年版,第439—440頁。

【45】"Statement by the President in Response to the Gray Report on Foreign Economic Policy,November 12,1950,"Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States,1950,p.707.

【46】"Report to the President by the National Security Council,Washington,December 14,1950,"FRUS,1950,Vol.Ⅰ,p.472.

【47】IDAB,"Partners in Progress",Merrill,Documentary History of the Truman Presidency,Vol.27,pp.491—492.

【48】IDAB,"Partners in Progress,"Merrill,Documentary History of the Truman Presidency,Vol.27,pp.505—506.

【49】"President Truman's Letter of April 5,to the Secretary of State and the Administrator for Economic Cooperation Administration(Foster),"Merrill,Documentary History of the Truman Presidency,Vol.27,p.584.