正交實驗法考察不同配方組成下的殘炭率及膨脹體積,得出新型IFR的最佳配方為聚磷酸銨∶季戊四醇∶茶皂素=0.65∶0.30∶0.05(質量比),此配方500℃殘炭率達75.54%,膨脹體積達38.37cm3/g。傳統IFR配方為:聚磷酸銨∶季戊四醇∶三聚氰胺=0.65∶0.35∶0.08(質量比),500℃殘炭率達74.50%,膨脹體積達37.28cm3/g。較傳統IFR相比,新型IFR殘炭率更高,膨脹性能更好。

從數碼圖可以看出,新型IFR灼燒後,體積膨脹三十多倍形成保護膜炭層;此膨脹炭層乃致密、多孔狀物質,有利於IFR在阻燃高聚合物時,先於高聚物分解,在高聚物表麵生成一層均勻的炭質泡沫層。此炭層隔熱、隔氧、抑煙,並能防止產生熔滴,賦予IFR良好的阻燃性能。

應用於EP中新型IFR的最佳配方聚磷酸銨∶季戊四醇∶茶皂素=0.65∶0.1∶0.05。新型IFR對EP有較好的阻燃效果,IFR添加量為30%時,其氧指數達到了30.0%,煙密度等級為56.08%,使純環氧樹脂的氧指數提高了63.04%,煙密度等級將近降低了19.34%;其力學性能指標中斷裂強度下降明顯,但在各類添加量中略有優勢,與10%添加量的斷裂強度27.27MPa相差不大,且較20%添加量的斷裂強度23.11MPa大3.83MPa;其斷裂伸長率在各類添加量中變化不大。與傳統阻燃EP體係相比,氧指數從27.2%提高到30.0%,斷裂強度從22.98MPa增大到26.94MPa,斷裂伸長率從6.61%增長到7.39%,煙密度等級67.86%降到56.08%,新型阻燃EP較傳統阻燃EP阻燃效果及力學性能更好。

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