（a）Harmony.Anti-gaybeliefsandpoliciesaretypicallymotivatedbyemotionalprejudice，andusuallynotcalmjudgmentaboutsocialwelfare.Whenpublicpolicyisdrivenbyprejudiceagainstanunpopularminority，socialharmonywillsuffer.Thisisthecasewithanti-gaypolicies，especiallypersecutions.Theyservenopublicpurposeandoftenexistsimplytoexpressdisgustorevenhatetowardaminority.
Althoughnooneknowswhat“causes”peopletohaveparticularsexualorientations，scientistshaveconcludedthathomosexualityisnotaconsciouschoice.Norisitassociatedwithhyper-sexualityorevenartisticabilities.Lesbiansandgaymenareprettymuchindistinguishablefromtherestofthepopulation，exceptfortheirsexualtastes.Onetothreepercentofthepersonsinanysocietyarehomosexualinorientation（Posner，1992）.Scientistshavealsoconcluded，evenmorefirmly，thathomosexualityisnotamentaldisease，sickness，ordefect.Indeed，itis“homophobia，”emotionalhatredofhomosexuality，thatscientistssayisthepathology，thementaldisease（e.g.，UnitedStatesNationalInstituteofMentalHealth，TaskForceonHomosexuality，1969）.
Giventhesefacts，publicpersecutionoflesbiansandgaymenisparticularlywastefulandsociallydisastrous.Thegovernmenthaslimitedcrime-fightingresources，andthereisplentyofaggressive，irresponsibleactivityinanymoderncountry.Todivertpreciousresourcesawayfrompredatoryandassaultiveactivities，towardpersecutingaharmlessminorityisextremelyunproductive.Moreimportant，itunderminesthepossibilityofsocialharmony.Policiesofpersecution，whenthevictimsareasociallyproductivegroup，stirupsocialhatredsandempowerthemostviciousamongcitizens.ThiswascertainlytheexperienceintheUnitedStatesduringthe1950s.Inthenameofnationalsecurity，thousandsofAmericanhomosexualswerehuntedlikedogs，andourcountry’spoliticswasforabrieftimedominatedbycrazypeople，whoseprejudice-basedcampaignsagainst“Communists”and“sexperverts”turnedcitizensagainstoneanother（Johnson，2004）.