正文 淺議英語報刊新聞的詞彙特點(3 / 3)

4.模糊詞的使用

外延難以明確界定的詞或詞組通常被稱為模糊詞(fuzzy terms)。為了使報道遵循真實、客觀快捷的原則,為了省時或避免報道數字的不確切,就需要使用模糊語中的約數詞、模糊量詞等報道有關新聞事件的程度[2]。例如:

(1)After steadily declining since last fall,applications have leveled off in recent weeks.The four-week average is essentially unchanged over the past two months(Associated Press,April 12,2012).

(2)New research from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York shows that Americans 60 and older still owe about $36 billion in student loans,providing a rare window into the dynamics of student debt.More than 10 percent of those loans are delinquent(The Washington Post,March 30,2012).

5.使用形象化詞語

在報刊新聞中,為使主要事實更醒目,恰到好處地使用動詞、名詞和形容詞,能增強報道的新鮮感、現實感和直接感。例如:

(1)In Sweden’s second-largest city,Goteborg, the main boulevard was bathed in an hour’s darkness.(動詞)(The Associated Press,April 1,2012).“bathe”一詞意為suffuse with or as if with light,借助該動詞形容林蔭大道陷入一小時黑暗的情景,既形象立體化,又含義深刻。

(2)The Labor Department said Thursday that weekly unemployment benefit applications jumped 13,000 to a seasonally adjusted 380,000(Associated Press,April 12,2012).Jump一詞意為increase suddenly and significantly,借助該動詞說明美國申領失業救濟的人數猛增,使新聞報道更加生動。

(3)Unemployment rose in most of the member states,although the increase was muted in the north,and the number of jobless people actually fell in Germany.In the struggling southern states,it shot up(形容詞)(guardian.co.uk,April 2,2012).Struggling一詞意為engaged in a struggle to overcome especially poverty or obscurity,借助該形容詞說明美國申領失業救濟的人數猛增,使新聞報道更加生動。

以上隻是從詞彙角度論述了英語報刊新聞的特點,了解這些特點對於閱讀和理解英語報刊新聞會起到一定的輔助作用。要想真正克服理解上的困難,還需要了解英語報刊新聞的語法和篇章特點,以及標題和導語的特點。同時,由於新聞內容涉及社會生活的各個方麵,還需不斷擴大知識麵。因此,在英語報刊新聞的教學中,教師要引導學生拓寬視野,豐富背景知識,同時關注英語報刊新聞的詞彙、語法和篇章特點,這樣才能真正理解英語報刊新聞,真正提高英語閱讀能力和綜合應用能力。

參考文獻:

[1]吳光亭.現代英語詞彙主要發展變化探析[J].四川職業技術學院學報,2006(2):58.

[2]汪紅霞.淺析英語報刊新聞語篇的特點[J].科教文彙,2009(2):259.