名詞性從句和狀語從句難點剖析
知識
一.名詞性從句
1.what引導名詞性從句時意義難理解
what引導名詞性從句時常表示“……的內容”，但是它還可以表示“……的狀況/人/地方/價格/速度/方法”，此時理解難度明顯增大。考生應認真分析語境邏輯，弄清空檔是否具有what的創新含義。
例1：The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make ____ it is.
A. what B. which C. how D. where
解析：A。該空表示“……的狀況”，應用what引導賓語從句。
例2：The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ____ he thought was not enough.
A. where B. how C. what D. which
解析：C。由sell for的語境邏輯可以推出該空表示“……的價格”，因此應用what引導賓語從句。例3：The way he did it was different ____ we were used to.
A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which
解析：C。be different應與from才能構成搭配，因此該空作from的賓語，由The way的語境邏輯可以推出該空表示“不同於……的方法”，因此應填 from what引導賓語從句。
例4：A modern city has been set up in ____ was a wasteland ten years ago.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
解析：A。由a wasteland的語境邏輯可以推出該空表示“……的地方”，因此應填what引導賓語從句。
例5：The other day， my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
解析：C。由a dangerous speed的語境邏輯可以推出該空表示“……的速度”，因此應填what引導賓語從句。
2.that引導的同位語從句難識別
that引導同位語從句與that引導的定語從句容易混淆。that引導同位語從句時與先行詞之間為同位關係，它是先行詞具體內容的體現，但that本身並沒有具體含義，也不在從句中充當任何成份。that引導定語從句時是對先行詞的修飾限製，它在定語從句中常作主語或賓語。
例1：Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class ____ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.
A. why B. that C. where D. because
解析：B。he had to meet his uncle at the airport是先行詞his reason for being absent from the class內容的具體體現，因此該空應用that引導同位語從句。