cast v. 鑄造
pamphlet n. 小冊子
patent n. 專利權
sole adj. 獨享的
sole vending (vend) v. 獨家銷售
decline v. 拒絕
iron-monger n. 小五金商
assume v. 奪取
contest v. 爭論
is _disibledevent= to refuse（拒絕）/ to reject（拒絕 / 擯棄）。decline 語氣最輕；reject 最重：
We sent him an invitation but he declined (the invitation). 我們給他發出邀請，但他謝絕了。
He declined to say more about it. 他婉言拒絕對此說更多的情況。
I refused his invitation politely. 我婉言拒絕了他的邀請。
3 An ironmonger, assuming..., working..., and making..., got a patent...
句式 這裏用了分詞（participle），把原本多句 An ironmonger assumed... He worked... He made and he got a patent 串成一句，列出了各動作的先後次序：
He is a good boy, always listening attentively in class, doing his homework properly, being polite to others and helping his classmates in need. 他是一個好孩子，一向在上課時留心聽講，在家認真做作業，對人有禮貌，幫助有困難的同學。
If a man empties his purse into his head,
名言
no one can take it from him. — Benjamin Franklin
如果一個人傾其所有的金錢用於裝備頭腦，是沒有人拿得走的。——富蘭克林