143.FAN AC, BARON TH, RUMALLA A, et al.Comparison of direct percutaneous endoscopic jijunostomy and PEG with jejunal extension[J].Gastrointest Endosc，2002，56：890 894.
144.GOULIS J, PATCH D, BURROUGHS AK.Bacterial infection in the pathogenesis of variceal bleeding[J].Lancet，1999，353：139 142.
145.McKIERMAN PJ.Treatment of variceal bleeding[J].Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am，2001，11：789 812.
146.SPIEGEL BM, TARGOWNIK L, DULAI GS, et al.Endoscopic screening fo esophageal varices in cirrhosisi：Is it ever cost effective[J]？Hepatology，2003，37：366 377.
147.SEEWALD S, MENDOZA G, SEITZ U, et al.Variceal bleeding and portal hypertension：Has there been any progress in the last 12 months[J].Endoscopy，2003，35：136 144.
148.NAKAMURA S, MITSUNAGA A, MURATA Y, et al.Endoscopic induction of mucosal fibrosis by argon plasma coagulation（APC）for esophageal varices：A prospective randomized trial of ligation plus APC vn ligationg alone[J].Endoscopy，2001，33：201 215.
149.HINO S, KAKUTANI H, IKEDA K, et al.Low power diode laser treatment using indocyanine green for eradication of esophageal varice[J].Endoscopy，2001，33：873 875.
150.ZARGAR SA, JAVID G, KHAN BA, et al.Endoscopic ligation compared with sclerotherapy for bleeding esophageal varices in children with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction[J].Hepatology，2002，36：666 672.
151.IMPERIALE TF, CHALASANI N.A meta-ananlysis of endoscopic variceal ligation for primary prophylaxis of esophageal variceal bleeding[J].Hepatology，2001，33：802 807.
152.VLAVIANOS P, WESTABY D.Management of acute variceal hemorrhage[J].Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol，2001，13：335 342.
153.GARCIA-TSAO G.Current management of the complications of cirrhosis and portal hypertension：Variceal hemorrhage, ascites, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis[J].Gastroenterology，2001，120：726 748.
154.SASRIN SK, JAIN AK, JAIN M, et al.A randomized controlled trial of cyanoacrylate versus alcohol injection in patients with isolated fundic varices[J].Am J Gastroenterol，2002，97：1010 1015.
155.LO GH, LAI KH, CHENG JS, et al.A prospective randomized trial of butyl cyanoacrylate injection versus band ligation in the management of bleeding gastric varices[J].Hepatology，2001，33：1060 1064.
156.KIND R, GUGLIELMI A, RODELLA L, et al.Bucrylate treatment of bleeding gastric varices：12 years expericence[J].Endoscopy，2000，32：512 519.
157.HUANG YH, YEH HZ, CHEN GH, et al.Endoscopic treatment of bleeding gastric varices by N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate（Histoacryl）injection：Long-term efficacy and safety[J].Gastrointest Endosc，2000，52：298 301.
158.YANG WL, TRIPATHI D, THERAPONDOS G, et al.Endoscopic use of human thrombin in bleeding gastric varices[J].Am J Gastoenterol，2002，97：1381 1385.
159.GETZLAFF S, BENZ CA, SCHILLING D, et al.Enteroscopic cyanoacrylate sclerotherapy of jejuna and gallbladder varices in a patient with portal hypertension[J].Endoscopy，2001，33：462 464.
160.SCHMULEWITZ N, BAILLIE J.Dieulafoy lesions：A review of 6 years of experience at a tertiary referral center[J].Am J Gastroenterol，2001，96：1688 1694.
161.BLECKER D, BANSAL M, ZIMMERMAN RL, et al.Dieulafoy's lesion of the small bowel causing massivegastrointestinal bleeding：Two case reports and literature review[J].Am J Gastroenterol，2001，96：902 905.