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長江經濟帶資源環境與綠色發展 \/ 黃賢金等著. 南

京 : 南京大學出版社, 2020.11

ISBN9787305228148

Ⅰ. ①長… Ⅱ. ①黃… Ⅲ. ①長江經濟帶-生態環境

保護-研究②長江經濟帶-綠色經濟-區域經濟發展-研

究 Ⅳ. ①X321.25②F127.5

中國版本圖書館CIP數據核字(2019)第295569號

審圖號:GS(2020)4979號

出版發行南京大學出版社

社址南京市漢口路22號郵編210093

出版人金鑫榮

書名長江經濟帶資源環境與綠色發展

著者黃賢金等

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ISBN9787305228148

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長江經濟帶資源環境與綠色發展

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前言00

前言

資源環境可持續承載,是長江經濟帶可持續發展的基礎,更是長江經濟帶生態大保護的戰略支撐。但長江經濟帶流域格局如何影響著其綠色發展?長江經濟帶流域係統主要資源環境要素的承載底線是否存在?長江經濟帶重要經濟發展空間或城市的承載力如何合理評價?如何按照長江生態大保護的要求,科學推進長江經濟帶空間治理?如何通過政策或機製創新,夯實長江經濟帶資源環境可持續承載,實現長江經濟帶永續發展?

為此,本書在基於“胡煥庸亞線”的發現與分析,揭示長江經濟帶空間格局特征的基礎上,分別從流域格局與綠色發展、資源環境與承載測算、承載評價與典型案例、空間治理與生態優先、流域發展與政策創新等五個篇章就上述問題做了研究與探討。

流域格局是人與自然相互作用的時空結果,也是時空過程。科學揭示長江經濟帶空間格局是認知長江經濟帶資源環境特征與流域上、中、下遊協同發展的基礎。由於流域格局的經濟社會發展與自然生態關係的差異性,特定時期不同格局也有其相應的人與自然關係協調需求。為此,第一篇“流域格局與綠色發展”(第1~5章)基於“胡煥庸亞線”的發現,進一步揭示了長江經濟帶流域的“四元”格局(即蘇浙滬、皖贛湘、鄂渝貴、雲川)的空間特征,並據此進一步闡述了長江經濟帶的綠色GDP、城市用地擴張、國土開發限度等綠色發展問題,從而為認知長江經濟帶綠色發展的格局特征做了鋪墊。

變化中的長江經濟帶流域格局,其人與自然關係協同發展狀態如何?雖然人們對於資源環境承載力的科學評價仍存在不同看法,但仍不失為認知區域人與自然關係的科學工具,在我國還是編製國土空間規劃、優化國土空間格局的政策工具。因此,資源環境可持續承載是協調長江經濟帶人與自然關係、實現綠色發展的基礎。基於此,第二篇“資源環境與承載測算”(第6~10章)基於資源環境要素與經濟社會發展相互作用的“點—力”關係,探討了資源環境承載力核算的理論與方法,揭示了長江經濟帶關鍵資源環境要素的人與自然關係特征。主要是,針對長江經濟帶人地關係、人水關係以及應對全球變化的需要,分別開展了基於糧食安全的耕地資源人口承載力、基於水安全的水資源人口承載力以及應對全球升溫的碳峰值人口承載力的研究,並發現了長江經濟帶人口綜合承載力的空間特征,從而為優化長江經濟帶國土空間格局、協調長江經濟帶人與自然關係提供了認知基礎和決策借鑒。

長江經濟帶具有流域—省域—特大城市—中小城市的層級格局特征。影響不同層級空間資源環境承載能力的關鍵資源環境因素是什麼?如何更為科學地評價承載水平?為此,本書第三篇“承載評價與典型案例”(第11~13章),針對長江經濟帶流域空間差異性大,不同區域資源環境承載力影響因素的差異性大的特點,從典型省域—長三角城市群中心城市—城市等三個層次,開展了資源環境承載力評價研究,從而探索性地形成流域—省—中心城市—城市等多層次的資源環境承載力認知體係和評價借鑒。

國土空間治理是長江經濟帶永續發展的重要舉措,也是長江經濟帶綠色發展的重要內容。針對長江經濟帶通江暗河塌江、“化工圍江”、城市碳排放等問題,如何開展針對性的空間治理或糾錯,推進長江經濟帶生態優先發展?基於此,第四篇“空間治理與生態優先”(第14~17章),結合長江岸線安全、長江岸線治理、長三角城市碳排放治理、長江經濟帶產業空間治理等的調研、分析以及模型測算,探討了基於生態優先的長江經濟帶國土空間治理路徑。

流域政策創新是長江經濟帶可持續發展的重要支撐。尤其是,長江經濟帶流域發展離不開流域可持續發展政策和特大城市資源環境政策的創新,而且這兩個方麵是相輔相成、相得益彰的。如何通過政策創新,引導長江經濟帶資源環境可持續利用?為此,第五篇“流域發展與政策創新”(第18~21章),在借鑒國際大流域資源環境與可持續發展政策、國際特大城市建設用地管控政策的基礎上,探討了長江經濟帶流域資源環境政策以及特大城市對於資源緊約束的應對策略。

但是,長江經濟帶資源環境與綠色發展,不僅需要麵向當下長江經濟帶生態大保護的路徑探索,還需要麵向全球發展環境變化的適應與應對。因此,長江經濟帶作為中國最為重要的巨流域空間,也是最具發展活力、麵臨巨大挑戰的國際巨流域空間之一,還需要有更為廣闊、更為係統、更為深入的研究與認知,才能為支撐長江經濟帶綠色發展奠定更為堅實的理論基礎,並提供策略借鑒。

黃賢金

2020年3月25日

Preface00

Preface

The sustainable carrying capacity of resource and environment is the basis for the sustainable development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and it is also the strategic support for its ecological protection. Nevertheless, how does the basin pattern of the Yangtze River Economic Belt influence the green development? Does the bottom line of the main resource and environmental elements of the basin system of the Yangtze River Economic Belt exist? How to reasonably evaluate the carrying capacity of important economic development space or cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt? How to scientifically promote the spatial governance of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in accordance with the requirements of the ecological protection of the Yangtze River? How to guide the sustainable carrying capacity of resource and environment of the Yangtze River Economic Belt through policy or mechanism innovations in order to achieve the sustainable development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt?

To this end, based on the discovery of the HuanYong Hu Subline about the characteristics of the spatial pattern of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, this book responds to the above questions in the following five parts: basin pattern and green development; resource environment and calculation of carrying capacity; evaluation of carrying capacity and typical cases; spatial governance and priority for ecology; basin development and policy innovation.

Scientifically revealing the spatial pattern of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is the basis for understanding the resource and environmental characteristics of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the coordinated development of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin. The pattern of the basin is the spatiotemporal result of human and nature and it is also the process of their interactions. Nevertheless, due to the difference in the relationship between the socioeconomic development and natural ecology, different patterns in a specific period have their corresponding needs between human and nature. Therefore, based on the discovery of the HuanYong Hu Subline, the first part “basin pattern and green development” (Chapter 1~5) reveals the spatial characteristics of the “quaternary” pattern of the Yangtze River Economic Belt at province level (i.e. JiangsuZhejiangShanghai, AnhuiJiangxiHunan, HubeiChongqingGuizhou, and YunnanSichuan) and further elaborates the green development issues, such as green GDP, urban land expansion, and territorial development constraints of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, so as to recognize the characteristics of the green development patterns of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

How is the coordinated development between human and nature in the changing basin pattern of the Yangtze River Economic Belt? Although people have different views on the scientific evaluation of the carrying capacity of resource and environment, it is still a scientific tool for understanding the relationship between human and nature in the region. In China, it is also a policy tool for the preparation of the planning for territorial space and the optimization of territorial spatial patterns. Therefore, sustainable carrying capacity of resource and environment is the basis for coordinating the relationship between human and nature in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and achieving the green development. Based on this, the second part “resource environment and calculation of carrying capacity” (Chapter 6~10) discusses the calculation theory and method of resourceenvironment carrying capacity based on the “pointforce” relationship between the resource and environmental elements and socioeconomic development. This part reveals the characteristics of the relationship between human and nature of the crucial resource and environmental elements in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Focusing on the “humanland” relationship and “humanwater” relationship of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the requirements for coping with the global change, this part investigates the population carrying capacity of cultivated land resources based on food security, the population carrying capacity of water resources based on water security, and the population carrying capacity of the carbon peak value in response to the global warming. It also finds the spatial characteristics of the comprehensive population carrying capacity of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, thereby providing a cognitive basis and decisionmaking reference for optimizing the spatial structure of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and coordinating the relationship between man and nature in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.