高等院校十三五應用型規劃教材國際貿易專業“”·國際商務函電InternationalBusinessCorrespondence編著陳敏陳淑梅南京大學出版社圖書在版編目CIP數據()國際商務函電陳敏陳淑梅主編版南京南\/,.—2.—:京大學出版社,2017.3高等院校十三五應用型規劃教材國際貿易專業“”·ISBN9787305180385國陳陳國際商務英Ⅰ.①…Ⅱ.①…②…Ⅲ.①語電報信函寫作高等學校教材Ⅳ.①F740中國版本圖書館數據核第號CIP(2017)037817出版發行南京大學出版社社址南京市漢口路號郵編22210093出版人金鑫榮叢書名高等院校十三五應用型規劃教材國際貿易專業“”·書名國際商務函電主編陳敏陳淑梅責任編輯武坦尤佳編輯熱線02583597482照排南京紫藤製版印務中心印刷江蘇鳳凰通達印刷有限公司開本印張字數千787×10921\/1612292版次年月第版年月第次印刷201732201731ISBN9787305180385定價元27.00網址:http:\/\/www.njupco.com官方微博:http:\/\/weibo.com\/njupco微信服務號:njuyuexue銷售谘詢熱線:(025)83594756版權所有侵權必究,*凡購買南大版圖書如有印裝質量問題請與所購,,*圖書銷售部門聯係調換前言國際商務函電既是國際經濟與貿易專業商務英語專業電子商務專業的《》、、核心必修課又是一門具有很強實用性實踐性和操作性的課程本書作為一本,、。

專門用途的函電教材旨在培養國際商務人士的書麵溝通和業務運作能力本書,。

從基礎性實用性綜合性和新穎性的視角出發呈現國際商務英語與商務知識、、,,力圖讓讀者掌握國際商務流程熟悉相關術語與表達方法了解對外貿易的經營、、策略與談判技巧本書既可作為高等院校國際經濟與貿易專業商務英語專業的。、本專科教材也可以作為全國外銷員經貿英語證書考試和商務英語證書考試的參,考書。

根據高校外貿函電課程的課時分配本書共分單元教材內容側重於國際,15,商務業務實例涵蓋了對外商貿的主要環節既有傳統的貿易形式也有特別的商,,,務類型在係統介紹商貿函電和便函的文體結構和原則之後教材遵循交易流。、,程首先建立商貿關係接著進行資信調查詢價與答複報價與確認再涉及付,,、、,款包裝裝運保險索賠代理等各環節最後以國際投資與對等貿易收尾每、、、、、,。

單元涵蓋知識簡介函電示例注釋典型句型及練習五部分另外本書後麵的、、、。,附錄不但方便教學選用還為自學提供參考內容包括常用詞彙貿易術語縮略,,、、語以及進出口單證樣本。

本書的主要特色體現在以下幾個方麵:語言的準確性主編陳淑梅教授是上海外國語學院現上海外國語大學(1)。()英語專業本科畢業在英國取得碩士學位近年來多次參加國外訪學研究和合作,,交流有多篇英文論文在國外期刊及其他期刊發表且有多年參與外貿事務,SSCI,的實戰經曆可以保障教材語言上的嚴謹與精確,。

內容的時代性本書結合國際經濟與貿易專業全英文教學的契機通過(2)。,對外貿企業的實地調研充分體現國際貿易最新發展態勢尤其是相關法律規範,,的變遷並將傳統的所謂非典型貿易環節的內容納入其中在考慮當今電子商務,;迅猛發展的前提下力求實用與可操作主編取得博士學位之後一直從事我國,。,2國際商務函電在背景下如何規避貿易風險的研究因此對國際貿易環節相關法律法規的WTO,更替非常熟悉也深知這些方麵在外貿函電中的重要性,。

結構的完整性本書涵蓋國際貿易環節的前期準備與後續工作形成一(3)。,個完整的國際貿易鏈讓讀者可以掌握貿易前貿易中貿易後的所有環節的函電,、、技能。

本書由重慶三峽學院陳敏副教授和東南大學經濟管理學院陳淑梅教授主編,沈陽工業大學逄紅梅及中南財經政法大學武漢學院盧平張波參與了編寫工作、。

願本書成為有誌於從事國際貿易和商務的人士和自學者的良友。

由於編者水平有限加之時間倉促錯謬之處在所難免敬請同行批評指正,,,。

編者年月20173CONTENTSUnit1Lead-inBusinessLetters—…………………………………………………………(1)Unit2Memos&E-mails…………………………………………………………………(16)Unit3IdentifyingBusinessPartners………………………………………………………(22)Unit4StatusInquiry………………………………………………………………………(33)Unit5Inquiries&Replies………………………………………………………………(42)Unit6Offers&Counter-offers……………………………………………………………(52)Unit7Orders&theirFulfillment………………………………………………………(62)Unit8TermsofPayment…………………………………………………………………(74)Unit9Packing&Shipping………………………………………………………………(90)Unit10Insurance…………………………………………………………………………(101)Unit11Complaints&Arbitration………………………………………………………(111)Unit12SalesLetters………………………………………………………………………(120)Unit13TradeIntermediaries………………………………………………………………(128)Unit14InternationalInvestment…………………………………………………………(140)Unit15Countertrade………………………………………………………………………(145)AppendixACommonlyUsedVocabularyinInternationalTrade…………………………(151)AppendixBCommonlyUsedTradeTerms………………………………………………(167)AppendixCCommonlyUsedTradeAbbreciations&Signs……………………………(169)AppendixDSpecimenL\/C&Contract…………………………………………………(178)Unit1Lead?in—BusinessLettersIntroductionIntoday?shighlydevelopedandtoughlycompetitivesociety,Englishisconsideredthebusinesslanguageintheworld;whilecommunicationisthelifelineofmodernbusiness,whichisbecomingincreasinglyfrequentandimportantbetweenindividualsandgroups.Itservestopassoninformation,toexpressideasortoexchangefeelings.Insuchanageofelectronics,peopletendtomakephonecallsforthepurposeofcommunication,insteadofwritinglettersindailylife.Therapiddevelopmentoftelecommunicationmakestelephone,telexandfaxevenmorepopular,andseemstohavedecreasedtheimportanceoflettersinpaper.However,lettersarestillretainingtheirimportanceinthisageofelectroniccommunicationandtheyarestillwritteninanoverwhelmingnumberininternationalbusiness.Businessexecutivesaresupposedtowritesogoodbusinesslettersastocarrybusinessroutineefficiently.1.1ThePrinciplesofEffectiveCommunication—7C?sTocomposeeffectivewrittenororalmessages,youmustalwaysbearinmindtheessentialqualitiesofcertaincommunicationprinciples.Theseprinciplesprovideguidelinesforchoiceofcontentandpresentationstyle,adaptedtothepurposeofyourmessage.Theseprinciplesarenotonlylimitedtoasentencelevel,theyarealsoapplicabletoallformsofcommunications,frommereutterancesandsentencestocompletedocumentsorpresentations.Tosomeextent,theprinciplesoverlapbecausetheyarebasedonacommonconcernfortheaudience,whetherthataudienceconsistsoflistenersorreaders.Theseprinciplescanbesummedupas7C?s,i.e.completeness,concreteness,clearness,conciseness,courtesy,consideration,andcorrectness.1.1.1CompletenessAgoodbusinesslettershouldbecomplete,containingalltheinformationtherecipientsneed2國際商務函電withwhichcanbeeffectivelyunderstood.Inordertooffertherecipientsfullyunderstandingoftheinformation,agoodbusinesslettershouldbecomplete.Abusinessletterissuccessfulandfunctionswellonlywhenitcontainsallthenecessaryinformation.Seetoitthatallthemattersarediscussedandallthequestionsareansweredorexplained.Itisessentialtokeepfollowing5W?sprinciplesinyourmindtoensureyourmessagecomplete:who,what,where,when,andwhy.Thefive?question?

methodisusefulwhenyoumakeoffersorplaceordersorwritelettersinvolvingotherinformativemessages.1.1.2ConcretenessItmeansthatmessageshouldbespecificinsteadofgeneral.Misunderstandingofwordsmaycauseproblemsforbothparties(senderandreceiver).Whenyoutalktoyourclient,trytousefactsandfiguresinsteadofgenericorirrelevantinformation.Thefollowingguidelineswouldhelpyoutoachieveconcreteness.·Usespecificfactsandfigures.·Putactioninyourverbs.Preferactiveverbstopassiveverbsorwordsinwhichactionishidden.·Choosevivid,image?buildingwords.·Paycloseattentiontowordorders,andputmodifiersinrightplace.e.g.TheUniversalTradingCompanyisoneofourbigbuyers.(poor)TheUniversalTradingCompanyplacedoverUS$2,000,000worthofbusinesswithuseachyear.(better)e.g.Wehavereceivedwiththanksyourcheck,theamounthasbeenplacedtoyourcredit.(poor)WehavereceivedwiththanksyourcheckNo.248forUS$200,000inpaymentofourcommission,whichhasbeenplacedtoyourcredit.(better)1.1.3ClearnessMakesurethatyourwritingissoclearthatitcannotbemisunderstood.Firstly,havingaconcreteideainyourmindofwhatisyourtargetforonlyacleanmindcanexpressmethodically.Whatisequallyormoreimportantistogetyourselfunderstood,soithasadefinitemessage,withnoconfusionaboutwhateachsentenceistryingtocommunicate.Tomeetsuchanend,thewritershouldfollowthefollowingrules:·Chooseplain,simplewords,whichareshort,familiar,conversational,straight?forward.·Buildeffectivesentencesandparagraphs.Generally,theaveragelengthforsentencesshouldbeabout17~20words.Shortparagraphsencourageonetofinishreadingaletter.Usuallyaletterparagraphconsistsofnomorethan10lines.·Aimatunity,coherence,andemphasisinyourexpression.Comparethefollowingexamples.—3Unit1Lead?inBusinessLettersA:WehaveyourremittanceofJanuary30intheamountof$300,andwishatthistimetothankyouforit.B:ThankyouforyourremittanceofJanuary30for$300.SentenceBisclearerandmoreeffectivethansentenceA.1.1.4ConcisenessExpresswhatyousaidinashortandpithyway.ConcisenessApoemcomposedofcommercialjargonisoftenconsideredtobethemostimportantwritingprinciple.Webegtoadviceandwishtostate,·Omittriteexpressions.Thatyourshasarrivedofrecentdate.

·Avoidunnecessaryexpressions.Wehaveitbeforeus,itscontentsnoted;·Includeonlyrelevantfactswithcourtesy.Herewithenclosedarethepriceswequoted.

Attachedpleasefind,asperyourrequest,·Organizeeffectively.Thedatayouwanted;andnotletussuggestPleasecompare:Yourorderbesent,andnotheldunduly,e.g.Thesenator,whocamefromNewYork,gaveaspeechWebegtoremain,yoursmosttruly.

thatwaslongandtedious.(poor)ThesenatorfromNewYorkgavealong,tediousspeech.(better)e.g.Iwanttotakethisopportunitytotellyouthatwearegratefultoyou...(poor)Thankyou...(better)1.1.5CourtesyTrytobepolitewhilenothumble.Courtesyplaysaconsiderateruleinbusinessletterwriting,asinallbusinessactivities.·Besincerelytactful,thoughtfulandappreciative.·Takeapersonable,friendly,andmodesttone.·Omitexpressionsthatirritate,hurt,orbelittle.Itisalwaysoffensivetoshowanysignofarroganceorprejudice.·Bepromptinreply.Ifyouranswerisdelayed,givestrongandunderstandablereasons.SeehowsentencesAarebluntandabrupt,whilesentencesBarecourteousandpolite.A:Unfortunatelywecannotfillyourorderbecauseyoufailedtosendyourcheck.(poor)B:Weshallbegladtofulfillyourorderassoonaswereceiveyourcheck.(better)A:Tellusmoredetailedinformationonyourrequirements.(poor)B:Will/Wouldyoupleasetotellusmoredetailedinformationonyourrequirements?(better)4國際商務函電A:Wemustrefuseyouroffer.(poor)B:Weregretthatweareunabletoacceptyouroffer./Wearesorrythatwearenotinapositiontoacceptyouroffer.(better)1.1.6ConsiderationConsiderationmeansconsideringthereceiver?sinterest/intention.Itisveryimportantineffectivecommunicationwhilewritingaletter,andyoushouldalwayskeepinmindyourtargetgroup?sconsideration,whichisaveryimportant“C”enjoyinggreatimportanceamongallthe7C?s.Threespecificwaystoindicateconsideration:·Focuson“you”insteadof“I”or“We”.·Showthebenefitorinterestofthereceiver.·Emphasizepositive,pleasantfacts.Using“you”helpyou,butoveruseleadsanegativereaction.e.g.Iamdelightedtoannouncethatwewillextendtomakeshoppingmore.(“we”—attitude)Youwillbeabletoshopintheeveningwiththeextendedhours.(“you”—attitude)e.g.Weallowa5%discountforcashpayments.(“we”—attitude)Youearna5%discountwhenyoupaycash.(“you”—attitude)e.g.Yourorderwillbedelayedfortwoweeks.(negative)Yourorderwillbeshippedintwoweeks.(positive)1.1.7CorrectnessCorrectnessrefersmuchmorethanthatofgrammar,punctuation,andspellingofwords,whicharethebasicelements.Alettermaybeperfectinspeakingmechanically,butstillitattimesdoesnotachievedesiredeffect.Toguaranteecorrectnessofabusinessletter,oneshouldalwaysbearinmindthefollowing:·Chooseonlyaccuratefacts,words,andfigures.Beclearaboutthemeaningsofallthetradetermsandjargonyouuse.·Behonestaboutthethingsyousay.Don?tover?sayorunder?say,bematter?of?factinattitude.·Usethecorrectleveloflanguage.Don?tover?estimateorunderestimateyourcounter?partinforeigntradeactivities.·Observeallthewritingmechanics,includingthe7C?s.Avoidsillyspellingerrorsandgrammaticalblemishes.Letuslookatthefollowingsentencestoseeifthereareanythingimproper.e.g.Alloffersbyfaxareopenfor5days.Theabovesentencedoesnotclearlyexplainoraccountforspecific5days,andshouldbechangedinto:Alloffersbyfaxareopenfor5daysinclusiveofthedateofdispatch.—5Unit1Lead?inBusinessLetterse.g.Weassureyouthatthiserrorwillneveroccur.Similarlythissentencecanbechangedasfollowing:Wewilldoallwecansothatwemaynotrepeatsuchanerror.1.2LayoutofaBusinessLetterAbusinessletterfollowsamoreorlesssetpatterndeterminedbycustoms.Choiceoflayoutisamatterofindividualtaste,butitisbettertofollowestablishedpractice,towhichthebusinessworldhasbecomeaccustomed.Usuallyitincludesthephysicalformoftheletter,thearrangementofthepartsofletterandthedisplayofthevariousitemsofinformationintheletter.1.2.1StructureofaBusinessLetterAwell?organizedbusinessletterusuallyconsistsofthesevenstandardpartsandsomemiscellaneousmatters.1.TheStandardPartsofaBusinessLetterHeadingorreturnaddress(1)—Theletterheadistheprintedorengravedheadingonanorganization?ssheetofstationery,whichmayincludethefollowingelements:·Logoortrademarkorsymboland/orslogan.·Fulllegalnameoftheorganization.·Fulladdressoftheorganizationorthebranchandothernecessarydata,includingtelephonenumber,faxnumber,andE?mailaddress.·Nameofdirector(s)ifnecessary.·Startingdateofthefirmifitneedstobespecified,indicatingthatthefirmhasalonghistory.Dateline(2)—Thedateisusuallybelowtheheading,moreoftenwrittenasoneofthefollowing:8(th)September/Sept.2016;September/Sept.8(th),2016,buttoavoidusingfiguressuchas9/8/2016,asitmightbereadasSeptember8,2016orAugust9,2016,whichwillcauseunnecessaryconfusion.Neverwrite“of”inthedate(5thofMay).Insidenameandaddress(3)—It?susuallythesameastheoutsideaddressontheenvelope.Ifthewindowenvelopeisused,thereis,ofcourse,noneedtowritetheoutsideone.Theaddressisarrangedlikeapyramid,startingfromthesmallestunit,e.g.theroomnumber,tothelargestunit,e.g.thenameofthecountry.Iftheletterisaddressedtoanindividual,theinsideaddresswillincludethatperson?scourtesytitle—professionaltitle,suchas“Dr.”or“Prof.”,orthetraditionaltitle,suchas“Mr.”,“Mrs.”,“Miss”,and“Ms.”,andthename,whichareputonthetoplineoftheaddress.Thatperson?sbusinessor6國際商務函電executivetitle—suchas“CEO”,“GeneralManager”—isusuallyplacedonthesecondlineoftheinsideaddress.Iftheletterisaddressedtoagroup,theinsideaddresswillconsistofthefullgroupnameandtheaddress.Thefollowingaretwoexamples:SampleLetterSoutheastTravelHeadOfficeHeading5thFloorWorldTradeMansionNanjingTel:086-025-996688885July2016DatelineMr.S.JohnsonWaterCloseSydneyInsidenameandaddressReferencelineYourref:5SJOurref:0268SalutationDearMr.JohnsonRe:MortgageAccountSubjectlineThankyouforyourletterof1July,andwelearnthatyouwouldlikedetailsofthebuildingcoverage.WeencloseherewithabookletdetailingthepremiumratesMessage\/forstandardandadditionalcover.

TextPleaseletusknowwhatparticularcover(s)youwouldrequiresothatwecanmakenecessaryarrangementsaccordingly.ComplimentaryYourssincerelyclose(Signed…)M.SmithManagerofInsuranceSectionSignatureareaExample1Toanindividual—NameMr.S.JohnsonOrganizationCasualHotelRoad18ZhongshanRoadTown/CityPostcodeSuzhou,215000—7Unit1Lead?inBusinessLettersCounty/ProvinceJiangsuCountryP.R.ChinaExample2Toagroup—GroupBCECollegeRoad2CentralAvenueTown/CityPostcodeSuzhou,215000County/ProvinceJiangsuCountryP.R.ChinaIfyouarewritingtoacompanycontainingoneormorepersonalnames,youcanput“Messrs.”beforethenameofthecompany:Messrs.DavidandYoungCo.Ltd.Messrs.Johnson&SonsIfthecompanydoesnotcontainapersonalname,“The”isusuallywrittenbeforeit:TheSouthTravelAssociationIfyouarewritingtoapersonwhohasaparticularposition,write“The”beforetheposition:TheManagerThePresidentSalutation(4)—Thefriendlygreetingthatisplacedjustundertheinsideaddress.Iftheletterisaddressedtoanindividual,itusuallyconsistsof:Dear+CourtesyTitleorBusinessTitle+Surname.Iftheletterissenttoagroup/company,itiscustomarytouse:“DearSirs”(BrE),or“Gentlemen”(AmE).Whenaddressingagroupofpeople,useoneofthefollowingsalutations:LadiesandGentlemen:DearSirsorMadams,Gentlemen:/DearSirs,(ifallthereadersaremale)Ladies:/DearMadams,(ifallthereadersarefemale)Astothesexquestioninletterwriting,ifyouunsuretowhomyoushouldaddressaletter,youshouldusethefollowingsalutations:“DearSirorMadam”.Message/Text(5)—It?sthemostimportantpartoftheletter,whichdirectlyfollowsthesalutation.Themessagecanbeasshortasaone?sentenceparagraphandaslongasseveralpageswithanopeningparagraphandaclosingparagraphandmanyotherparagraphsinbetween.Complimentaryclose(6)—Thewordsthatcomeimmediatelyafterthebodyanddirectlybeforethesignaturetoindicatethewriter?sregardstothereceiver,signalingtheconclusionoftheletter.Thewordsoftenusedare:truly,sincerely,andfaithfully.Ifyoubeginyourletterwith“DearSirorMadam,”thatis,ifyouarewritingtoastrangerthenyoumustendwith“Yoursfaithfully”.If8國際商務函電youarewritingtosomeonewhosenameyouknow,orsomeonehaswrittentoyoufirst,youendwith“Yourssincerely”.Generally,thetypicalAmericanformsare:“Bestregards”,“Sincerely”;themoretypicalBritishformsare:“Bestwishes”,“Kindregards”,“YoursSincerely”,and“Yoursfaithfully”.Signature(7)—Thisareamayincludethefollowing:yoursignature,yourtypewrittenname,yourbusinesstitleandthenameofyourbranchand/orthatofyourcompany.Ifthepersonwhohasdictatedtheletterisnotpresenttosignit,thetypistorsomeoneelsewillsignitinstead.Inthiscase,theusualpracticeistowritetheletters“p.p.”or“perpro”(=onbehalfof)beforethenameofthepersonsigningtheletter.SampleLetterBETraining&Consulting2ViaductRoad,BrightonBN14NB,EnglandTELEPHONE01225442128TELEFAX01225442264E?MAIL100663@edu.com36yearsoflanguagetrainingforbusiness1980—2016Mr.JohnSmith5DalingRoadNanjing,210033P.R.China18March2016DearMr.Smith,CourseEnquiryNationalCertificateThankyouforyourenquiryaboutthecourserunbyBEleadingto.Theenclosedinformationwillgiveyouaclearideaofthecoursecontentandapproach,theobjectives,thedates,andfeesfor2016.Ifyouwouldliketodiscussthecourseinmoredetail,pleasecontactoneofthecoursetutorswhosenamesareintheenclosedbrochure.Yourssincerely,SusanGaltung—9Unit1Lead?inBusinessLettersSeniorPartnerenSENIORPARTNERSPaulHunter,SusanGaltungTELEPHONEinternational+441225442128TELEFAXinternational+4412254422642.TheMiscellaneousMatters/TheOptionalPartsofaBusinessLetterPersonalorconfidentialnotation(1)—Iftheletterispersonalorconfidential,typePersonalorConfidentialinall?capitallettersorinunderscoredcapitalandsmalllettersonthesecondlinebelowthedate,startingattheleftmargin.Attentionline(2)—Itisusedifyouwanttobringyourlettertotheattentiontoaparticularpersonoradepartmentwhenyouaddressthislettertoanorganization.Itisusuallytypedtwospacesbelowtheinsideaddressandtwospacesabovethesalutation.Subjectline(3)—Thislinestatesbrieflywhatthisletterisaboutsothatyourreaderwouldgetthemainideabeforehereadsitindetailanditalsofacilitatesfiling.Referenceline(4)—Carryingafile,order,orpolicynumberplacedonetofourlinesbelowthedate.Executiveandsecretary/Typistinitials(5)—Theyusuallyappearattheleftmarginonthesamelinewiththelastlineofthesignatureareasoroneortwolinesbelowthattoindicateresponsibilities.Enclosures(6)()—Ifyouincludeanythingelsemorethanthemessageintheenvelope,youneedtospecifyclearlysothatthepersonwhopreparesformailingwillnotforget,andifmorethanoneitemisenclosed,youneedtoindicatethenumberaswellbywritingitafterthewordenclosures.Thiswouldalsohelpthereceivertocheckfortheenclosure(s)whentheletterarrivesathisend.Copynotation(7)—Whenyouhavesentacopyofthislettertoathirdpartyandyouneedthereceivertoknowit,youwillwritethenameofthatthirdpartyaftertheabbreviation“cc”(carboncopy)or“xc”(xeroxcopy).Mailingnotation/Notationofdelivery(8)—Whenthedeadlineisrequiredforaparticularpurpose,orwherenecessary,themailingmeans,suchas“Registered,”needtobeindicatedintheletter.Itisusuallytypedincapitallettersflushwiththeleftmarginabouttwolinesabovetheinsideaddress.Postscript(9)—Tocallthereceiver?sattentiontosomethingimportantwhichyouhavealreadymentionedintheletterortoaddsomethingthatisnotrelatedtotheletteritself.Butifyouforgetsomethingimportantandrelevanttotheletter,betterinsertitintheappropriateplaceandreprinttheletter.1.2.2FormatsforLettersThereareseveralacceptablepatternsoflayoutforbusinessletters.Themostpopularformsarefullandmodifiedblockstyles,aswellassemi?indentedstyle.10國際商務函電1.FullBlockStyleEverylineinthefull?blockstylebeginsattheleftmargin,andtheopenstyleofpunctuationhasbeenadopted.Forexample,acompleteabsenceofpunctuationmarksfromthedate,thesalutation,thecomplementaryclose,andfromtheendsoflinesformingtheinsidenameandaddress,exceptthefull?stopstomarkabbreviation.2.ModifiedBlockStyleInthemodifiedblockstyle,allthepartsstartsfromtheleftmargin,exceptthedate,complimentaryclose,andsignature,whicharepositionedthesameasthatinthesemi?indentedstyle.3.Semi?indentedStyleAtthebeginningofeachparagraph,weshouldleavefour?letterspaceblank.Therearetwolinesbetweeneveryparagraph.Thedatelineisonthetopoftherightcorner,andthesignatureandthecomplimentarycloseisatthebottomoftherightcorner.Sample1Fullblockstyle—SoutheastTravelHeadOffice5thFloor,WorldTradeMansionNanjing,JiangsuProvince,210033P.R.ChinaTel:086?025?9966888Yourref:5SJOurref:02685July2016Mr.S.JohnsonWaterCloseSydneyDearMr.JohnsonRe:MortgageAccountThankyouforyourletterof1Julyandwelearnthatyouwouldlikedetailsofthebuildingcoverage.—11Unit1Lead?inBusinessLettersWeencloseherewithabookletdetailingthepremiumratesforstandardandadditionalcover.Pleaseletusknowwhatparticularcover(s)youwouldrequiresothatwecanmakenecessaryarrangementsaccordingly.Yourssincerely,M.SmithManagerofInsuranceSectionStudythefollowingmodelletterandanswerquestionsindividuallyorinpairs:(1)Whatarethename,address,andtelephonenumberofthecompanyfromwhichtheletterissent?

(2)Whenwastheletterwritten?

(3)Whatistheinsideaddress?

(4)Whatisthewriter?sreferencenumber?

(5)Whatisthesubjectoftheletter?

(6)Whowrotetheletter?

(7)Whatisthepositionofthewriteroftheletter?

(8)Whatisthepurposeoftheletter?

(9)Whatisthemainideaoftheletter?

(10)Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthewriterandthereceiveroftheletter?

Sample2Modifiedblockstyle—BETraining&Consulting2ViaductRoad,BrightonBN14NB,EnglandTELEPHONE01225442128TELEFAX01225442264E?MAIL100663@edu.com18March2016Mr.JohnSmith5DalingRoad12國際商務函電Nanjing,210033P.R.ChinaDearMr.Smith,CourseEnquiryNationalCertificateThankyouforyourenquiryaboutthecourserunbyBEleadingto.Theenclosedinformationwillgiveyouaclearideaofthecoursecontentandapproach,theobjectives,thedates,andfeesfor2016.Ifyouwouldliketodiscussthecourseinmoredetail,pleasecontactoneofthecoursetutorswhosenamesareintheenclosedbrochure.Yourssincerely,SusanGaltungSeniorPartnerSENIORPARTNERSPaulHunter,SusanGaltungTELEPHONEinternational+441225442128TELEFAXinternational+441225442264Sample3Semi?indentedstyle—BETraining&Consulting2ViaductRoad,BrightonBN14NB,EnglandTELEPHONE01225442128TELEFAX01225442264E?MAIL100663@edu.com18March2016Mr.JohnSmith5DalingRoadNanjing,210033P.R.China—13Unit1Lead?inBusinessLettersDearMr.Smith,CourseEnquiryNationalCertificateThankyouforyourenquiryaboutthecourserunbyBEleadingto.Theenclosedinformationwillgiveyouaclearideaofthecoursecontentandapproach,theobjectives,thedatesandfeesfor2005.Ifyouwouldliketodiscussthecourseinmoredetail,pleasecontactoneofthecoursetutorswhosenamesareintheenclosedbrochure.Yourssincerely,SusanGaltungSeniorPartnerSENIORPARTNERSPaulHunter,SusanGaltungTELEPHONEinternational+441225442128TELEFAXinternational+441225442264Terms&Expressions信頭1.letterhead日期2.date封內地址3.insideaddress稱呼4.salutation正文5.body結尾敬語6.complimentaryclose簽名7.signature事由8.subject附件9.enclosure參考號10.ref.no.經辦人11.attentionline抄送12.carboncopyn.標識13.logon.商標14.trademarkn.標識語口號15.slogan,n.分部分公司16.branch,禮節上的尊稱17.courtesytitle官銜18.businessorexecutivetitle14國際商務函電首席執行官19.CEO(chiefexecutiveofficer)的複數20.Messrs.Mr.adj.機密的21.confidentialadj.可任意選擇的22.optionalv.把歸檔備案23.file……、n.布局24.layout齊頭式25.fullblockstyle改良齊頭式26.modifiedblockstyle混合式27.semi?indentedstylen.抵押28.mortgagen.承保險別29.coveragen.小冊子30.bookletn.保險費31.premiumExercises1.Thefollowingisasummaryofthepartsofabusinessletter.Fillintheblanksbyreferringtotheintroductionofthisunit,somehavebeengivenasexamples.SectionsMajorElementsStandard/Optional(1)Letterhead—addressStandardTheHeading(2)Dateline—themonth,day,andyear(3)Personalorconfidentialnotation(thesecondlinebelowOptionalthedate,startingattheleftmargin)(4)Referenceline(onetofourlinesbelowthedate)TheOpening(5)InsideaddressStandard(6)Attentionline—directingthelettertoaspecificperson(bynameorbytitle)ordepartment(onthesecondlinebelowtheinsideaddress)(7)SalutationStandard(8)line(thesecondlinebelowthesalutation)TheBody(9)Message/(onthesecondlinebelowthesalutationor,ifused,thesubjectline)Standardtobecontinued()—15Unit1Lead?inBusinessLetterscontinued()SectionsMajorElementsStandard/OptionalTheClosing(10)Complimentary(thesecondlinebelowthemessage)(11)Signaturearea—thesignature,thewrittennameStandardandofthewriter(12)Reference—thewriter?sand/orthetypist?sinitial(thesecondlinebelowthewriter?sidentification)(13)Enclosurenotation(belowthereferenceinitials)(14)Mailingnotation/deliverynotation(belowtheenclosurenotationorthereferenceinitials)(15)notation(belowdeliverynotation)(16)Postscript(PS)OptionalOptional2.Supposeyouaregoingtosetupyourownbusiness,designyourownletterheadandthenwriteasimplelettertotelloneofyourfriendsaboutyournewbusinessusingtheletterheadyouhavejustdesigned.(Thiscanbedoneasagroupwork:firstdiscusswhatkindofbusinessyouwouldliketobein,thengiveafullnametoyourbusinessorganization,locateitwhereveryoulike,putanylogoorsymboland/orsloganwherenecessaryandfinallyaddanyotherdatayouliketoyourletterhead.Thenwriteashortlettertogethertotelloneofyourfriendsaboutyournewbusiness.)3.Arrangethefollowinginproperformastheyshouldbesetoutaletter.Thefollowingletteriswrittenfromthesellertothebuyer.(1)Seller:RoyalGrosvenorPorcelainCompanyLtd.Address:GrosvenorHouse,RenfrewRoad,OakleyStaffordshireOA79AHTel:(743069)60591/2/3(2)Buyer:TheColourfloorCo.,Ltd.Address:238WiltonRoad,AxminsterAXZAS(3)Date:March5,2016(4)Subject:China(5)Themessage:———微信掃碼查看Unit2Memos&E?mails2.1MemosAmemo(shortformemorandum,often?calledinterofficememorandumorinternalmemo)isdraftedforinternalpurposesandmeetstheneedforfastinternalcommunicationwithinthecompany.Memosareoftenusedtoinformsomeoneofthestateofthingsataparticularmoment,andalternativecoursesofactionmaythenberecommended.Memoscanbeaddressedtoasuperior,asubordinateoragroupofpeopleconcerned.Themaindifferencefromaconversationoraphonecallisthatthereaderofamemowillbegiventimetothinkoverhisreactionsandwillkeepthisdocumentinhisfilesforfuturereferencesifnecessary.Theyalsodifferfromordinaryletters.Theyfollowthebasicprinciplesofletterwriting,thoughtheyareusuallymoredirect,conciseandlessformalthanletters.Theopeningandclosingphrasesareomitted.Althoughthestylemayvaryaccordingtotheaddressee(s),therearebasicrulesoneshouldobservewhendraftingamemo.Almostallcompanieshavetheirspeciallyprintedmemoforms,butyoushouldwriteinplainpaper,thesamebasicrulesapply.InterofficeMemorandumTo:××××××(1)From:××××××(2)Dept:××××××(3)Dept:××××××Location:××××××(3)Location:××××××Date:××××××××××Subject:×××××××××××(4)×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××.××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××.××(5)17Unit2Memos&E?mailsNotes:·(1)&(2)eitherjobtitles(e.g.SalesManager),ornames,oreveninitials.·(3)Whenusingplainpaper,thispartisoftenomitted.·(4)Keywordsorphrasesaresufficient.·(5)Nocomplimentaryclose,sometimesnosignature,onlyinitials.Sample1MEMOTO:AllheadsofdepartmentsFROM:PersonnelMangerDATE:May12PerformanceAppraisalAppraisalformsmustbefilledinandreturnedtothePersonnelDepartmentbyMay31.Youareremindedthestandardcompanyproceduremustbefollowedtoavoiddiscrepanciesbetweendepartments.a)TheHeadofDepartmentsummonstheemployeesforashortprivateappraisalinterviewduringwhichthelatter?sperformanceisdiscussed.b)Undernocircumstancesmusttheemployeesbeshowntheappraisalformsbeforemanagementhasapprovedthem.Studytheabovememoandanswerthefollowingquestionsindividuallyorinpairs.(1)Whosentthememo?

(2)Whenwasthememosent?

(3)Whatisthesubjectofthememo?

(4)Whatwouldyoudoafterreceivingthismemoifyouareoneoftheheadsofdepartments?

(5)Couldyoushowtheappraisalformstoyoursubordinatorsnowifyouareoneoftheheadsofdepartments?

18國際商務函電Sample2OfficeMemoTO:HillWoodFROM:JohnSmithDATE:28July2016FrenchAgentAssuggested,IhavelookedintotheresultsoftheFrenchmarket,whichappearsthatyouwererightinthinkingthattheirachievementsrecentlyhavenotbeenoutstanding—onlyRMB6,000overthelastquarter.Arapidsurveyoftheiractivitiesshows:—noadvertisinginthelocalnewspaperaspreviouslyagreed;—nonetworkofdealersinthesurroundingareas;—apricecuttingpolicyhasbeenadoptedwithoutanyreferencetoyou.AttachedpleasefindacopyoftheAgencyAgreementandthelateststatementofcommissionsenttothem.J.S.Studytheabovememoandanswerthefollowingquestionsindividuallyorinpairs.(1)Whosentthememo?

(2)Whenwasthememosent?

(3)Whatisthesubjectofthememo?

(4)Whodidthesurvey?

(5)WhatactionwouldyoutaketowardstheFrenchagentafterreadingthememoifyouwereHillWood?

2.2E?mailsWiththedevelopmentofInternet,moreandmorepeopleuseE?mailtochatwiththeirfriendsandfamilymembers,ortodobusinessontheInternet,becauseitissocheaperandfasterthanthetraditionalbusinessletter.Nowadays,E?mailhastakenasignificantpartinbusinessdealings,especiallywhenbothpartiesarefamiliarenough.ThelayoutofE?mailsisquitesimple,sometimessimplerthanordinaryletters.Forbusinesspurposes,E?mailsaresimilartoordinarybusinessmessages,exceptthattheformeraretransferredthroughcomputers,notbypostorfaxmachinesasthelatter.19Unit2Memos&E?mailsAstoawell?arrangedbusinessE?mailusuallyconsistsoftwoprincipleparts,theheadingandthetext.2.2.1HeadingThispartincludes“TO:,”“From:,”“Bcc,”“Cc,”subject,anddate.In“TO:”and“From:”fields,contact?snameshouldbeformallytyped,suchasJohnbDoeorJOHNBDOE.Onlyaccurateandcorrectaddresseesofsenders?andrecipients?canmakesurethesuccessfulcommunicationofbothparties.Bccisshortforblindcarboncopy.SubjectisthemainideaoftheE?

mailandcanevendeterminewhetherthisE?mailwillbeopened.2.2.2TextThecontentofanE?mailiscomprisedofsalutation,body,complimentaryclose,andsignature,whicharemostsimilarwiththearrangementofaformalbusinesscorrespondence.Sample3From:mingmei@jlonline.comTo:Shumeic8@hotmail.comSubject:SamplesofquoteditemsDate:5May,2016DEARMRHUANG,THANKSFORYOURPROMPTREPLYANDPRICEQUOTESFORENERGYBULBS.IWILLHIGHLYAPPRECIATEIFYOUCOULDURGENTLYARRANGETOSENDMESAMPLESOFTHEITEMSFORWHICHYOUHAVEQUOTEDMEPRICESSOTHATWECANASSUREYOUOFOURORDERASAP.KINDLYARRANGETOMAIL2PCSOFTHEITEMSONEFORCUSTOMERREFAND2NDFOROURREFERENCE.THANKINGYOUONCEAGAINANDLOOKINGFROWARDTOESTABLISHINGBUSINESSRELATIONWITHYOURESTEEMCORP.BESTRGDSJEFFStudytheaboveE?mailandanswerthefollowingquestionsindividuallyorinpairs.20國際商務函電(1)Whatisthereceiver?sE?mailaddress?

(2)Whatisthesender?sE?mailaddress?

(3)WhatisthisE?mailabout?

(4)WhenwastheE?maildrafted?

(5)WhatwasattachedwiththisE?mail?

(6)WhichcompanydoesthesenderofthisE?mailcomefrom?

Terms&Expressionsn.便箋便函1.memorandum,n.上級長者2.superior,n.下級職員部下3.subordinate,n.收信人收件人4.addressee,n.鑒定表5.appraisalform人事處6.PersonnelDepartmentn.差異不一致7.discrepancy,v.召集8.summonv.批準通過9.approve,n.代理10.agentn.傭金11.commissionv.傳遞傳輸12.transfer,n.附件13.attachmentExercises1.Youarethemanagerofasmallprintingcompany.Anewemployee,MarkMcCabe,isjoiningyourcompanyon10May.Writeashortmemotoyourofficeadministratorwith40~50words.·Sayingwhoisstartingworkandwhen.·TellinghimwhereMarkMcCabe?sdeskshouldbeput.·SuggestingwhereMarkMcCabe?sdeskshouldbeput.2.Replyinamemo:Yourcompany(specializinginmountainbikes)isthinkingofgoingintoEuropeanmarket.Whenyourbossphonedyoutoaskaboutyouropinion,youwereawayonbusiness.Nowyouhavecomebackandreadthemessageyoursecretarytookdownforyou(seetheTelephoneMessagebelow).Writeashortmemotoyourbosstostateyouridea,coveringthefollowingpoints:21Unit2Memos&E?mails·Yoursuggestion—yes.·Whyexportingisagoodideaatthistime.·Someobjectionstheothercompanyleadersmighthaveandyouranswerstotheseobjections.·Suggestinghavingameetingtodiscussitindetailsometimethisweek.TELEPHONEMESSAGESFor:DavidJiangFrom:JohnSmithTel.No:0860253798888Message:Re:ExploringEuropeanmarket.Somecolleaguesareobjectingthisidea,what?syouropinion?Date28Apr.Time9:50TakenbySue3.DraftanE?mailtooneofyourfriendsinwhichyouwouldmentionwhatyouhavelearnedinthisunitandtellyourfriendtodropinourclassanytimehe/shelikes.微信掃碼查看Unit3IdentifyingBusinessPartnersIntroductionInordertofindmarketsfortheirproducts,exporterscanmakefulluseofimportandexportstatistics.Publisheddataorsecondarydatacanbeobtainedthrough“deskresearch”—researchdoneatadesk;while“primarydata”canbesecuredthrough“fieldresearch”—gettinginformationaboutamarketbypersonalvisits,interviews,surveys,etc.intheactualtargetmarket.Whilefindingthepotentialmarket,exporters,andimportersneedtoidentifytheirbusinesspartners.Ininternationaltrade,importersandexportersareusuallyseparatedbythousandsofmiles.Followingareseveralchannelsthroughwhichtheycangettoknoweachother.(1)Banks:Theyarealwaysreadytosupplythenamesandaddressesofimportersandexportersintheirrespectivecities.(2)ChambersofCommerce:Inalmosteverytownorcityofthewesterncountries,thereisachamberofcommerce,whichisanorganizationofbusinessmen.Oneofitstasksistocollectbusinessinformationandtofindnewbusinessopportunitiesforitsmembers.全美出口公司協會IntheU.S.,NationalAssociationofExportCompanies()wasestablishedin1965asanon?profitorganizationtoactastheinformationprovider,supportclearing?houseforum票據清算會所(),andadvocateforthoseinvolvedinexportingandservicingexporters.(3)CommercialCounselor?sOffice:Necessaryinformationcanbeobtainedthere.(4)Ads:Informationcanalsobeobtainedthroughadvertisementsinthenewspapers,magazines,andspecializedtradepublications.(5)Commodityexchangetransactions,internationalfairs,exhibition:Connectionsmayalsobeestablishedthere.(6)Departmentsofinternationaltrade,exportpromotionorganizations:Thesegovernmentorganizationsarehappytoprovidebusinessopportunitiestobothimportersandexportersathomeandabroad.(7)Internet:Asystemthatallowscomputerusersaroundtheworldtosendmessagesand23Unit3IdentifyingBusinessPartnersinformationtoeachother.ImportersandexporterscangettoknoweachotherthroughInternet.Forexample,UK?ChinaBusinessNetoffersbusinessmenusefulinformationconcerningbilateralbusinessinthetwocountries.(8)Customsoffices:Particularinformationisavailablethereforbothimportersandexporters.(9)Hotlineservice:IntheUnitedStates,supportedbytheUSDepartmentofCommerce,ExportHotline,a24hourfaxretrievalsystemforinformationoninternationaltrade,providesamenulisting78countriesand50industriestohelpbusinesspeoplefindnewmarketsfortheirproductsandservices.Boththehotlineandthedirectoryarefree.全國貿易數據庫(10)Databanks:IntheUS,NationalTradeDataBank()isanelectronic收費databaseavailedonCD?ROMandontheWorldWideWeb(feebased,)whichcontainsinternationaleconomicandexportpromotioninformationsuppliedby15USgovernmentalagencies,includingtheDepartmentofCommerce.Dataareupdatedmonthlyandarepresentedinoneofthe文本時間序列矩陣格式threestandardformats:text(),timeseries(),ormatrix().Throughtheabovechannels,importersandexporterscanfindtheirpotentialbusinesspartnersandidentifythemarketstheyaregoingtopenetrateorexpandinto.Whenhavingobtainedthedesirednameandaddressofthefirmfromanyoftheabovesources,alettertoIdentifyingonecanwritealetterorcirculartotheotherparty.Generallyspeaking,BusinessPartnersshouldcontainthefollowing:·Thesourceofinformation,i.e.howtheinformationisgained.·Statingthepurposeofletter.·Ageneralintroductionofyourcompany,forexample:Acrediblesalesnetworkhasbeensetupandwehaveourregularclientsfromover100countriesandregionsworldwide.·Introductionoftheproducts,forexample:OurproductsareenjoyingpopularityinAsianmarket.Togiveyouageneralideaofourproducts,weareenclosingourcatalogueforyourreference.Art.No.76isournewlylaunchedonewithsuperbquality,fashionabledesign,andcompetitiveprice.·Acourtesyend,forexample:Wearelookingforwardtoyourspecificinquiries.Sample1Byanexporter—24國際商務函電DearSirs,WeoweyournameandaddresstotheCommercialCounselor?sOfficeoftheSwedishEmbassyinBeijingwhohaveinformedusthatyouareinthemarketforTextiles.Weavailourselvesofthisopportunitytoapproachyoufortheestablishmentoftraderelationswithyou.Weareastate?operatedcorporation,handlingboththeimportandexportofTextiles.Inordertoacquaintyouwithourbusinesslines,weencloseacopyofourExportListcoveringthemainitemssuppliableatpresent.Shouldanyoftheitemsbeofinteresttoyou,pleaseletmeknow.Weshallbegladtogiveyouourlowestquotationsuponreceiptofyourdetailedrequirements.Inourtradewithmerchantsofvariouscountries,wealwaysadheretotheprincipleofequalityandmutualbenefit.Itisourhopetopromote,byjointefforts,bothtradeandfriendshiptoourmutualadvantage.Welookforwardtoreceivingyourenquiriessoon.Yoursfaithfully,Encl.Sample2Byanimporter—DearSirs,WeoweyournametotheBankofChina,Shanghai,throughwhomwelearnedthatyouaremanufacturersoftextiles,piecegoods,andothergeneralmerchandise.Mayweintroduceourselvesasimportersofallgeneralmerchandiseandmanufacturers?representatives,andcommissionagents?Wehavebeeninbusinesssince1959andcanboastofhavingvastandwideexperienceinallthelineswehandle.OurbankersaretheBankofChina,Shanghai,fromwhomyouwillbeabletoobtainalltheinformationyoumayrequireinregardtoourbusinessintegrityandfinancialstanding.Willyoupleaseletusknowyourtradeterms,etc.,andforwardsamplesandotherhelpfulliterature,withaviewtogettingintobusinessinthefuture.Lookingforwardtothepleasureofhearingfromyousoon.Yoursfaithfully,Studytheabovesampleletterandanswerthefollowingquestionsindividuallyorinpairs.(1)Whoisthewriter?

25Unit3IdentifyingBusinessPartners(2)Wheredidthewritergettheaddressee?snameandaddress?

(3)Whydoesthewriterleavetheirbanker?sname?

(4)Whatarethethingsthewriterwantstolearnorobtain?

Sample3Byanexporter—DearSir,ChinaDailyWehavelearnedfromthethatyouarealeadingimporterofhouseholdelectricappliances,andatpresentyouareinthemarketforair?conditioners.We,therefore,takepleasureininformingyouthatwearemanufacturersofvariousair?conditionersandhaverecentlyproducedanewmodel,whosedesign,colors,andfunctionshavebeenclearlyexplainedinourillustratedcatalogueenclosed.Ifyouhaveinterestindealingwithusinthisnewmodeland/orothertypesofair?conditionersshowninourcatalogue,pleaseinformusofyourrequirementstogetherwithyourbanker?snameandaddress.Forourcreditstanding,pleaserefertotheBankofChina,Shanghai(address...).Yourearlyreplywillbehighlyappreciated.Yoursfaithfully,Encl.Studytheabovesampleletterandanswerthefollowingquestionsindividuallyorinpairs.(1)Whoisthewriter?

(2)Wheredidthewritergettheaddressee?snameandaddress?

(3)Whatisthepurposeofthisletter?

(4)Whatisenclosedintheletter?

(5)Whichbankisthewriter?sbank?

Sample4Byanimporter—DearSirs,WehavereceivedyourcataloguesfromourofficeinChinawhereourrepresentativeMr.Sahametyouattherecenttradeexhibition.Wearealargetransnationaltradingandmarketingcompanydealinginavarietyofproducts.26國際商務函電InIndia,wehavealargemarketingnetworklookingatthemarketingofourownbrandnameoflightingfixtureequipment.Wewouldliketomarketyourproductunderourbrandname—“Baba”,aswellasperhapsunderyourbrandnameitselfinahugemannerhereinIndia,aswehavethebranchnetworkandtheproductionfactories.Weonlyhaveonecatalogueofyoursandwouldlikeyoutosendusmoredetailsaswellasprices(wholesaleprices)orcontainerconsignmentsforallyourproducts.Weawaityourearlyreply.Withbestregards,Terms&Expressions案頭調研1.deskresearch實地調研2.fieldresearch商會3.ChamberofCommerce商讚處4.CommercialCounselor?sOffice國有公司5.state?operatedcorporation最低報價6.lowestquotations聯合努力7.jointeffortsv.識別8.identify雜貨9.generalmerchandise傭金代理人10.commissionagentsv.經營從事11.handle,商業誠信12.businessintegrity資信13.financialstandingn.文獻14.literature家用電器15.householdelectricappliance在市場上覓購某物16.beinthemarketfor目錄17.illustratedcataloguev.感激18.appreciate經營19.dealin批發價格20.wholesaleprice集裝箱貨物21.containerconsignments27Unit3IdentifyingBusinessPartners6TFGVM4FOUFODFT1.Explainhowyougottherecipient?saddressSourceofinformation.()(1)WehaveobtainedyournameandaddressfromtheInternet.(2)OurmarketsurveyshowedthatyouarethelargestimporterofcasesandbagsinCanada.(3)WeoweyournameandaddresstoyourChamberofCommercewhichhasinformedusthatyouareinthemarketforChineseNativeProduce.(4)OntherecommendationofMessrs.Smith&Co.,wehavelearnedthenameofyourfirmandshallbegladtoenterintobusinessrelationswithyou.(5)HavinghadyournameandaddressfromtheCommercialCouncelor?sOfficeoftheSwedishEmbassyinBeijing,wenowavailourselvesofthisopportunitytowritetoyouandseeifwecanenterintobusinessrelationswithyourcompany.(6)YournameandaddresshavebeenpassedontousbyBankofChinaLondonBranchandwearegladtowritetoyouinthehopeofestablishingbusinessrelationswithyou.(7)ThroughthecourtesyofMr.Brown,welearnthatyouareoneoftheleadingimportersofElectricGoodsinyourareaandwishtoenterintobusinessrelationswithus.(8)TheChaseBankhasinformedusthatyouareoneoftheleadingimportersofToolsandInstrumentsandthatyouareinterestedintradingwithusinthisline.Foryourselection,wearesendingyoualistoftheitemswhichmightbesuitableinyourmarket.2.Addafewdetailsaboutyourcompanyandwhatyourequirenaturescopeof(,business.)(1)Wearealeadingcompanywith30yearsexperienceinChemicalLaboratoryEquipment.(2)Acrediblesalesnetworkhasbeensetupandwehaveourregularclientsfromover100countriesandregionsworldwide.(3)WewritetointroduceourselvesasoneoftheleadingexportersofawiderangeofLightIndustrialProducts.(4)Wewishtointroduceourselvestoyouasastate?operatedcorporationdealingexclusivelyinElectricalGoods.3.Statethemainpurposeoftheletterwritingpurpose.()(1)Wewishtoestablishfriendlybusinessrelationswithyoutoenjoyashareofmutuallyprofitablebusiness.(2)Wearewillingtoenterintobusinessrelationswithyourfirmonthebasisofequality,mutualbenefit,andexchangingofneededgoods.(3)YourcompanyhasbeenintroducedtousbyR.G.Nelson&Co.,Ltd.asprospectivebuyersofChineseSewingMachines.Aswehavebeeninthislineforover30years,weshallbepleasedtoenterintobusinessrelationswithyouatanearlydate.(4)WethankyouforyourletterofAugust3andshallbegladtodiscussthepossibilityof28國際商務函電expandingtradewithyou.(5)SpecializingintheexportofChineseFoodstuffs,wewishtoexpressourdesiretotradewithyouinthisline.4.Introductiontoyourproductsandfinancialposition.(1)Art.No.JD102isournewlylaunchedonewithexcellentquality,fashionabledesign,andcompetitiveprice.(2)Togiveyouageneralideaofourproducts,weareenclosingourcatalogueforyourreference.(3)TogetyouacquaintedwiththeLightIndustrialProductswehandle,wearesendingyou,byseparateairmail,acatalogue,andseveralpamphletsforyourreference.(4)Inordertogiveyousomeideasofthevariousqualitiesofourproducts,wetakepleasureinforwardingyoubyairmailinganillustratedcatalogueandafewsamplebooksforyourperusal.5.Givetherecipientanincentivetoreply.(1)Wetrustthatyourinitialorderwillbeplacedwithuswithoutdelay.(2)Wearelookingforwardtoyourspecificinquiries.(3)Yourcommentsonourproductsoranyinformationonyourmarketdemandwillbereallyappreciated.Exercises1.Studythesamplelettersgivenaboveandworkinpairstosummarizethemainpointswhichneedtobecoveredinalettertoestablishbusinessrelations,withonepointalreadygivenasanexample.(1)Sourceofinformation(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)2.Fillinthegapsinthepassagewithwordsgivenbelow.brochuresmarketpublicitylaunchingpromotingcampaignprospectivepotentialWhenacompanystartstosellgoodsinanewmarket,theyoftendosomeresearchorfeasibilitystudy.OnewaytoassessthemarketistotakeastandataTradeFairwherecompaniescanexhibit/displaysamplesoftheirproductsandseewhatresponsetheygetfromcustomers.Thisisaformof(oradvertising)andthecompanyrepresentative(s)will29Unit3IdentifyingBusinessPartnersprobablyhandouttoadvertise(orpromote)theproductfurther.Anotherwayof(orpublicizing)anewproductistoplaceadvertisementsinmagazinesornewspapers.Aplantodoalotofadvertisingofoneproductiscalleda.Startinganadvertisingcampaignonanewproductisknownastheproduct.3.TranslatethefollowingletterintoEnglish;pleasepayattentiontotheformality.Asthisisabusinessletter,veryinformalwordsandexpressionsshouldbeavoided.先生們:我們從伯明翰一位朋友處獲悉貴公司地址特此去函望與貴公司建立貿易關係,,。

我公司專門經銷中國土特產品在英國各地已有十幾家分店如能從貴公司得到優惠報,。

盤我們確信能大量銷售你們的特產,。

請告知有關貴公司出口商品的必要詳情。

4.Writealettertoaforeigncompanytoestablishbusinessrelations.Allthestandardpartsofabusinesslettershouldbeincludedandasubjectlinemustalsobeadded.Thefollowingaspectsneedtobecovered.·Thesourceofyourinformation.·Yourintention.·Generalintroductionofyourcompany.·Thereferenceastoyourcompany?sfinancialstanding.''''VSUIFS3FBEJOHBeforeyoustartwritingthisletter,youcanhaveadiscussionwithyourneighborstodecidewhatbusinessyou?dliketobeinandwhetheryouwouldliketobeanimporteroranexporter.Afteryou?vefinishedyourwriting,pleaseexchangeyourletterswithyourpartnersandseewhatimprovementsyoucanmakeforeachother.IntheUnitedStates,customizedsalessurveycanbeconductedbytheInternationalTrade美國國際貿易管理局Administration(,ITA)onafeebasis,whichprovidescompanieswithkeymarketing,pricing,andforeignrepresentationinformationabouttheirspecificproducts.TheAdministration?soverseasstaffcanalsoconducton?siteinterviewsfortheircustomers,toprovideimportantdata,includingsalespotentialinthemarketandqualifiedpurchasers.Mostimportantof出口聯絡清單服務all,theUSITAcanalsoprovideExportContactListService(,ECLS),mailing外listsofprospectiveoverseascustomersfromITA?sfileofforeignfirms(theForeignTradersIndex,國貿易商索引).TheECLSidentifiesmanufacturers,distributors,retailers,servicefirms,andgovernmentagencies.Asummaryoftheinformationontheparticularcompanyincludescontactinformation,productandserviceinterests,andotherdata.30國際商務函電二級產業部門心髒病Asforagivenindustrysubsector(),suchascardiologicalequipment(設備)forthemedicalequipmentindustry,theUSDepartmentofCommercecanofferindividualreportscoveringbasicinformationaboutaforeignmarketsuchasmarketsize,primaryendusers,bestprospectproducts,andmarketaccessinformation.中介計劃TheUSITAcanalsoarrangesomespecialprograms,MatchmakerProgram()beingoneofthem,coveringUSembassysupport,briefingonmarketrequirementsandbusinesspractices,andinterpreters?services.ITAorganizeandleadthesematchmakertradedelegationstohelpnew?to?

exportandnew?to?marketfirmsmeetprescreenedprospectswhoareinterestedintheirproductsorservicesinoverseasmarkets.Tolimittripstoaweekorless,eachyear,matchmakereventsarescheduledforalimitednumberofcountriesandbasedonspecificproductthemesandend?users.EstablishedinMay1952,asthemostimportantandthelargestinstitutionforthepromotionofforeigntradeinChina,oneoftheCCPIT?s(ChinaCouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTrade)aimistopromotethedevelopmentofeconomicandtraderelationsbetweenChinaandothercountriesandregionsaroundtheworld.WiththeapprovaloftheChinesegovernment,theCCPITstartedtoadoptaseparatename—ChinaChamberofInternationalCommerce(CCOIC)—in1988,whichisusedsimultaneouslywiththeCCPIT.TheCCPITadmitsnewmembersfromamongenterprisesinallpartsofChinaandpromotestradethroughitsfunctionsofinformationconsultation,exhibition,legalassistance,etc..常見國際商務組織中國出口商品交易會TheChineseExportCommoditiesFair世界知識產權組織WorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization(WIPO)TheForeignTradeArbitrationCommissionoftheChinaCouncilforthePromotionof中國國際貿易促進會對外貿易仲裁委員會InternationalTrade海事仲裁委員會MaritimeArbitrationCommission國際商會InternationalChamberofCommerce國際貨幣基金組織InternationalMonetaryFund(IMF)聯合國貿易和發展組織UnitedUnionConferenceonTradeandDevelopment(UNCTD)經濟合作與發展組織OrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(OECD)歐洲經濟共同體EuropeanEconomicCommunity(EEC)世界貿易組織WorldTradeOrganization(WTO)統籌委員會CoordinatingCommittee(COCOM)聯合國經濟與社會理事EconomicandSocialCouncil(ECOSOC)公司中的各個部門職位的稱呼、部門:Department=Dept.=division=sectionHumanResources:31Unit3IdentifyingBusinessPartnersTraining:organizesandarrangestrainingcoursesforthestaffPersonnel:recruitsnewemployeesWagesandsalaries:paysthestaffProduction/Manufacturing:Production:manufactures/producestheproductsPackaging:packstheproductsandputstheminboxesandcratesDistribution:dispatchestheproductsandsendsthemtothecustomersQuality:checksthequality—organizescontrolsystemtopreventmistakesMaintenance:services/takescareofthemachinesandequipmentMarketing:Marketing:planshowtosellnewproductsSales:selltheproductstothecustomersafter/post?salesServices:isresponsibleforafter?salescareandlooksaftercustomers?problemsandcomplainsAdvertising:runsadvertingcampaignsandplacesadsinmagazinesFinance:Purchasing/buying:buyssuppliesCustomer?saccounts:sendinvoicestocustomers(invoicecustomers)Financialservices:dealswithtaxation,investment,andcashmanagementOtherSupplementaryDept.:Accounting:workingoutthecompany?sprofitsandlossesAdministrative/Administration:inchargeofthecontrolanddirectionofaffairsofthecompanyBookkeeping:keeping,recordingtheaccountsandtransactionofaffairsofthecompanyPromotion:helpingthesellingofproductsReception:receivingvisitorstoahoteloralargeorganizationTransportation:carryinggoodsfromoneplacetoanotherWarehousing:storingthecompany?sproductsR/D=ResearchanddevelopmentBusinessdevelopment企業管理結構OrganizationalChartofaCorporate()股東大會監事會Shareholder?smeeting/Supervisoryboard/董事會BoardofdirectorBODCEO/president/MD(managingdirector)/GM(generalmanager)執行總裁總裁總經理//首席營運官執行副總裁COO(chiefoperationofficer)/EVP(executivevicepresident)/微信掃碼查看副經理VP(vicepresident)32國際商務函電Unit4StatusInquiryIntroductionIfwewanttodobusinesswithafirm,weshallhavetoknowwhetheritistrustworthy.Weshallhavetoaskforcreditinformationandifyouwereanexporteryoumustmakesureyougetpaidfortheproducts.Therefore,makingstatusinquiryisoftheutmostimportancebeforeafirmenteringintorealbusinessrelationswithanewcustomer.Beforeacompanymakesafirmofferorplanstomakeanacceptance,itisadvisableforitsexecutivestomakeastatusenquirytoavoidunnecessaryrisksofbeingcheated.Therearemanymethodsofmakingastatusenquiry.Themostcommonlyusedwayistowriteabankreference,butabankisunwillingtoreleasetheircustomers?informationtousifwehavenobusinessrelationswithit.Exceptforabankreference,therearestillmanychannelsthroughwhichwecangetdesiredinformation,suchasChineseCommercialCounselor?sOfficesinforeigncountries,ChamberofCommerce,BusinessDirectors.Whenconductingfinancialstandinginvestigationandinquiringabouttheirbusinessintegrity,thefollowingpointsshouldbeincluded:(1)Theyearofestablishmentoffirm;(2)Companyproperty;(3)Registeredcapital;(4)Structureofownership;(5)Operationperformance;(6)Businessscope;(7)Payingcapacity;(8)Numberofemployees.Thestepsforstatusinquirycanbeconductedasillustratedbelow:Aswecanseefromthediagram,ifanexporterwantstoinquireabouthisfutureimporter?s34國際商務函電financialstanding,hecaneithersendaletterthroughhisownbanktotheimporter?sbank,orsendastatusinquiryletterdirectlytotheimporter?sbank.Fortheimporter,thesameprocedurecanbeapplied.aletterExporterBankatexporter’splace(Importer)(Bankatimporter’splace)alettercreditareplyreportBankatimporter’splace(Bankatexporter’splace)Sample1Enquiryaboutfinancialstanding—CHINANATIONALIMPORT&EXPORTCORPORATIONShanghai,ChinaCableAddress:CNIECMarch25,2016InformationServiceDept.TheBankofChinaShanghaiBranchDearSirs,AsweareonthepointofexecutingaconsiderableorderfromMessrs.J.A.Hussain&Co.,P.O.Box386,Karachi,weshouldbemuchobligedifyouwouldinformus,inconfidence,oftheirfinancialstandingandmodesofbusiness.ThereferencetheyhavegivenusistheStandardCharteredBank,KarachiBranch.Willyoupleasebegoodenoughtoapproachthesaidbankforallpossibleinformationwerequire?Itgoeswithoutsayingthatanyinformationyoumayobtainforuswillbetreatedasstrictlyconfidentialandwithoutanyresponsibilityonyourpart.Wethankyouinadvance.Yoursfaithfully,ChinaNationalImport&ExportCorp.Manager35Unit4StatusInquiryReadtheabovesamplelettercarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestionsindividuallyorinpairs.(1)Isthewriteranimporteroranexporter?

(2)Whydoesthewriterwritethisletter?

(3)Whowouldliketheinformationandtowhomistheletteraddressed?

(4)Whatdoesthewriterwanttoknowparticularly?

Sample2Favorablereply—THEBANKOFCHINAShanghaiBranchShanghai,ChinaCableAddress:CNIECMay5,2016ChinaNationalImport&ExportCorp.Shanghai,ChinaDearSirs,InreplytoyourletterofMarch25,wewishtoinformyouthatwehavenowreceivedfromtheStandardCharteredBank,KarachiBranch,theinformationyourequire.Messrs.J.A.Hussain&Co.,P.O.Box386,Karachi,wasestablishedin1979withacapitalofStg.10,000.Theirchieflineisintheimportandexportofmachinetoolsandelectricgoods.Theirsuppliersbusinesswiththemisreportedtohavebeensatisfactory.WeconsiderthemgoodforsmallbusinessengagementuptoanamountofStg.3,000.ForlargetransactionswesuggestpaymentbysightL/C.Theaboveinformationisstrictlyconfidentialandisgivenwithoutanyresponsibilityonthisbank.Yoursfaithfully,Studytheabovesampleletterandanswerthesequestionsindividuallyorinpairs.(1)Whatkindofletteristhis?

(2)Whowrotetheletter,animporteroranexporter?

(3)Whendoessomeonewritealetterinquiringaboutthefinancialpositionofanindividualorcompany?

36國際商務函電(4)Doyouthinkaletterofcreditinquiryshouldbeextrapolite,tactful,andformal?Whydoyouthinkso?

Acreditreportorareplytoastatusinquirymaybeafavorableoranunfavorableoneoronewithoutanyinformation.Sample3Unfavorablereport—DearSirs,InresponsetoyourinquiryaboutthefirmyoumentionedinyourletterofMay12,wearesorrytosaythatourexperiencewiththefirminquestionhasbeenratherunsatisfactory.Duringthepastseveralyears,inwhichtheaccounthasbeenactive,wehavehadsometroublewithcollections.Wehaveseveraltimesbeencompelledtoplacetheaccountinthehandsofourattorneysinordertoprotectourselves.Underthiscircumstance,weadviseyounottoenterintoanybusinessrelationwiththefirminquestion.Yoursfaithfully,Studytheabovesampleletterandanswerthequestionsindividuallyorinpairs.(1)Isthenameofthefirminquestiongivenintheletter?Why?

(2)Isthisafavorableorunfavorablereply?

(3)Whatarethefactsgiveninthereport?

(4)What?sthewriter?ssuggestiontothereceiverwhoinquiredaboutthesaidcompany?sfinancialstanding?

Sample4Noinformationavailable—DearSirs,Thesubjectfirmdoesnotholdanyaccountrelationshipwithus,therefore,noinformationregardingitisavailableonourfile.Althoughwehavecontactedsomeofourbankingassociatesheretryingtoobtaininformationonthesubjectfirm,wefailed.Suchbeingthecase,wearenotabletofurnishyouwiththecreditstandingofthesubjectfirm.Weregretforbeingunabletoassistyouinthismatterandhopetocooperate37Unit4StatusInquirywithinthefuture.Yoursfaithfully,Readtheabovesampleletterandanswerthequestionsbelowindividuallyorinpairs.(1)Whydidnotthewritergiveanyinformationconcerningthesaidcompanythereceiverinquired?

(2)Didthewritertrytoobtainsomeinformationelsewhere?

(3)Wouldyoufeeldisappointedifyoureceivethiskindofreply?

Terms&Expressionsadj.極度的最大的極限1.utmost,;adj.商業的商務的2.commercial,商務參讚e.g.commercialcounselor商務參讚處commercialcounselor?soffice商務專員commercialattachen.資信情況信譽固定的永久的3.standing,,,固定成本e.g.standingcost長期訂單standingorder常務董事standingdirector資信谘詢4.statusinquiry銀行證明5.bankreferencee.g.EnclosedpleasefindareferenceofABCCo.,whichshouldbetreatedinconfidence.隨函附上公司的證明書請保密ABC,。

我們的證明人是中國銀行OurreferenceistheBankofChina.。

正要時任6.onthepoint;v.執行7.execute執行合同命令e.g.executethecontract/order/adj.保密的8.confidential6TFGVM4FOUFODFT1....havereferredustoyouforinformationabouttheircreditstanding.Weshallbegladifyouwill...2.Letushaveanyinformationthatwillenableustoreachadecision.3.Weshallbegladforanyrelevantfactsthatareinyourpossession.38國際商務函電4.Messrs.Yawata&Co.,ofYokohama,aredesirousofenteringintobusinessrelationswithusandhavegivenusyouraddressasreference.5.Weshouldbemuchobligedforanyinformationastothestandingofthefirmandyoumayrestassuredthatanythingthuscommunicatedwillgonofurther.6.Asweareonthepointoftransactingsomeimportantbusinesswiththem,weshouldliketoknowexactlyhowtheircreditstands.7.Ifyouwillkindlyinformusastotheirfinancialstanding,reliability,andreputationforpayingbills,weshallgreatlyappreciatethefavor.8.Weshallbemuchobligedifyouwillletusknowyouropinionoftheirsolvency,particularlyiftheyaresafeforsumsvaryingfrom£5,000to£20,000.9.Weshouldesteemitahighfavorifyouwouldkindlyadviseusconfidentiallywhetheryou$considerthemsafeforUS1,000,000.10.Howlonghaveyoubeeninbusinessrelationswiththefirm?(Iftheirknowledgeofthecompanyislimitedtoafewmonthstrading,youcannothopetoaccomplishyourpurposeofobtainingreliableinformation.)貴公司給該公司的信貸額多大11.Whatcreditlimithaveyouplacedontheiraccount??

賒賬限額反映資信情況(creditlimit,———)付賬及時如一12.Howpromptlyaretermsmet?(tomeetthetermsofthepaymentpromptly,,個季度結一次賬及時付賬反映資信狀況好;,)目前該公司欠賬多少負債累累反映資信狀13.Whatamountiscurrentlyoutstanding??(,況差)14.Weshouldesteemitahighfavorifyouwouldkindlyadviseusconfidentiallywhetheryou$considerthemsafeforUS1,000,000.15.Anyinformationyoumaygivemewill,ofcourse,betreatedasstrictlyconfidential.16.Wepromisetodealwithyourinformationinconfidentiality.17.Itwouldgiveusgreatpleasuretobeabletorenderyouasimilarserviceshouldopportunityoccur.18.Welookforwardtoobtainingfavorablerepliesfromyou.19.Wethankyouinadvance.20.Wewouldbehighlyappreciatedifyoureceiveyourreplypromptly.Exercises1.Summarizethemainpointsneedtobecoveredinastatusinquiryletteranditsreply.Somepointshavebeengivenforyourreference.Mainpointstobecoveredinthestatusinquiryletter:(1)Reasonsforwritingthisletter;39Unit4StatusInquiry(2)(3)Mainpointstobecoveredinareply:Forfavorableorunfavorablereports:(4)Historyorintroductionofthefirmconcernedifnecessary;(5)(6)NoInformationavailable:(7)Noinformationthoughwetried;(8)(9)2.Fillintheblankstocompletetheletterofcreditinquiry(Namethecompany).DearSirs,Weshouldbeobligedifyoucouldgiveusregardingof.Wehaveanopportunityofdoingbusinesswiththemandwewouldliketoknow.Weapologizefortroublingyou,andweassureyouthat.Yourstruly,ManagingDirector3.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.(1)Youcanyourlawyerforthesettlementofthedispute.A.approachB.getintouchC.getcontactwithD.touch(2)Iappreciatetheopportunitytovisityourcountry.A.givingB.tohavegivenC.havingbeengivenD.tohavebeengiven40國際商務函電(3)Anyinformationgiventouswillbeheldasconfidentialandwillentailnoresponsibilityyourpart.A.inB.forC.afterD.on(4)Itisnecessarytomakeastatusinquiryyourcustomerbeforetheexecutionoftheorder.A.intoB.aboutC.forD.after(5)Pleaseinformusthesupplyanddemandsituationinyourcountry.A.toB.ofC.withD.in(6)Wewillappreciate.A.ifyoucansendusyourcataloguesandpricelistatanearlydateB.itifyoucansendusyourcataloguesandpricelistatanearlydateC.ifyoucouldsendusyourcataloguesandpricelistatanearlydateD.itifyoucouldsendusyourcataloguesandpricelistatanearlydate(7)Recently,therehasbeenmanyordersthesaidgoods.A.forB.onC.withD.about(8)Ifyourpricesarefavorable,wewouldliketoorder1,000casesyou.A.toB.withC.forD.on(9)Alltheinformationofferedbyyouwillbekeptconfidential.A.inB.asC.toD.with(10)willbeappreciated.A.YoureplyourletterearlyB.YoureplytoourletterearlyC.YourearlyreplyourletterD.Yourearlyreplytoourletter4.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.如能在規定的時間內履行訂單不勝感激(1),。

請隨時告訴我們你處花生市場的變化情況(2)。

我們向你方保證所有關於該公司資信情況的資料都將嚴格保密並且你們不承擔任(3),,何責任。

這家咖啡零售商舉出貴方名字作為資信征詢人(4)。

有位東南亞的客戶正與我們聯係購買冰箱一事(5)。

茲收到你方日來信要我們調查該公司的背景(6)29,。

茲通知你方該公司主營農產品進出口資信情況良好(7),,。

客戶來信詢問訂單執行情況(8)。

如能將我們的產品推薦給這家北美的進口商非常感謝(9),。

該公司資信情況不明建議與其交易時采取謹慎態度(10),。

5.Writeaninquiryaccordingtothefollowingsituation.41Unit4StatusInquiryHangzhouSilkCompanyisgoingtosellsilkshirtstoPuryHouse,HongKong,sotheyare彙豐銀writingtothemanagerofCreditDepartmentofHongKong&ShanghaiBankingCorporation(行)toinquireaboutthePuryHouse?sfinancialstanding,thefollowingaspectsneedtobecovered:·Businessintegrity;·Abilitytomeettheirobligations;·Thegeneralreputationtheyenjoyinthelocalbusiness;·Thecapitalattheircommand.微信掃碼查看Unit5Inquiries&RepliesIntroductionAtthebeginningofthebusiness,whatthesellercanoffermightbequitedifferentfromwhatthebuyerwantstotake,therefore,ourbusinessnegotiationmayfallintothreepartsasfollows:·Toestablishthegap—Bothpartiesneedtocometoagreementonthegapexplicitlyorimplicitly;·Toexplorethegap—Bothpartiestrytofindthereasonsforthegap;·Toeliminatethegap—Iftwopartieswanttoconcludebusinesswitheachother,theyhavetofindwaystoeliminatethegap.Forboththebuyerandtheseller,itmightbeadvisableforustoprepareseveralplansforthenegotiation.Forexample,afterhavingstudiedthemarket,thebuyerhasthreedifferentpriceranges:theprevailingmarketpriceis25perunit(therealisticplan),butideally,hewantstobuyat15perunit(theidealisticplan).Ifthesellerinsistsonahighpriceandhecannotpersuadehispartner,hecanacceptthegoodsat35perunit(thefallbackplan).5.1BusinessNegotiationItconsistsoffivelinks,i.e.inquiry,offer,counteroffer,acceptance,andconclusionofbusiness.Aninquiryisusuallymadebyanimporter,askingforpricelists,catalogues,samples,anddetailsofthegoodsortradeterms.Uponreceiptofaninquiry,anexporterwillworkoutareply,thusgettingthenegotiationstarted.Acceptance:①anunconditionalassenttoanoffer;②anassenttoanofferconditionedononlyminorchangesthatdonotaffectanymaterialtermsoftheoffer.5.2ClassificationofEnquiryEnquiryisthebeginningoftradenegotiation.Severalformsareusedfrequentlyinbusiness43Unit5Inquiries&Repliescommunicationasfollows.·Ageneralinquiry:Inquireaboutgeneralinformation,askingforcatalogues,pricelists,samples,orsample?cuttingbooks,etc.·Aspecificinquiry:Inquireabouttheparticularitemyouareinterestedinandaskforanoffer.·Statusenquiry:Inquireaboutinformationconcerningthefinancialposition,credit,reputation,andbusinessmethodsofotherfirmsbythetrader.Inbusiness,itisoftheutmostimportancetoobtainalltheinformationpossiblerespectingthefirmwithwhichoneisaboutenteringintorelations.5.3PointstobeCoveredinanInquiryandReply5.3.1PointstobeCoveredinanInquiry·Whereandhowyou?veheardofthecompany./Articlesyouareinterestedin.·Introducingyourowncompanyandwhythereisademandforthearticles./Askforcatalogues,pricelists.·Emphasizing—theneedformoderateprices,thepossibilityofplacinglargeorders.·Inquiringabouttheotherterms—thediscountandpaymentterms,deliveryservices,etc..·Acordialconclusion.5.3.2PointstobeCoveredinaReply·Anacknowledgmentoftheletterofinquiry.·Referencetocatalogues,pricelistsenclosedorsentseparately.·Emphasizingthecompetitivenessofthepricesquoted,statementsaboutdiscountandpaymenttermsanddeliveryservices,etc..·Referencetothescopeofyourbusinessandsalesachievementsinthepast.·Acordialconclusion.Sample1Gentlemen:WelearnfromtheChineseEmbassyinLondonthatyouareproducingforexportshoesandhandbagsinavarietyofnaturalleathers.Thereisasteadydemandhereforleatherproductsofhighquality.Althoughsalescannotbeveryhigh,goodpricesareobtainable.44國際商務函電Wearealargetransnationaltradingandmarketingcompanydealinginavarietyofproducts.InEngland,wehavealargemarketingnetworktoensurepromptandreasonablesales.Wewouldliketomarketyourproductsunderourbrandname.Willyoupleasesendusacopyofyourcatalogues,withpricelistsandtermsofpayment?Wewouldfinditveryhelpfulifyoucouldalsosupplysamplecuttingsofvariousskinsyouusedfortheaboveleatherproducts.Yoursfaithfully,Studytheabovesampleletterandanswerthefollowingquestionsindividuallyorinpairs.(1)Isthisaninquiryorareply?