havegonebybus.
3)oughttohavedonesth,shouldhavedonesth
本應該做某事,而事實上並沒有做。否定句表示"不該做某事而做了"。
Yououghtto(should)havebeenmorecarefulinthisexperiment.
Heoughtnottohavethrowntheoldclothesaway.(事實上已扔了。)
oughtto在語氣上比should要強。
4)needn''thavedonesth 本沒必要做某事
Idressedverywarmlyforthetrip,butI needn''thavedoneso.Theweatherwashot.
5)wouldliketohavedonesth 本打算做某事
Iwouldliketohavereadthearticle,butIwasverybusythen.
21.8should和oughtto
should和oughtto都為"應該"的意思,可用於各種人稱。
---Oughthetogo
---Yes.Ithinkheoughtto.
表示要求,命令時,語氣由should(應該)、hadbetter最好)、must(必須)漸強。
21.9hadbetter表示"最好"
hadbetter相當於一個助動詞,它隻有一種形式,它後麵要跟動詞原形。
hadbetterdosth
hadbetternotdosth
Itisprettycold.You''dbetterputonmycoat.
She''dbetternotplaywiththedog.
hadbetterhavedonesth表示與事實相反的結果,意為"本來最好"。
Youhadbetterhavecomeearlier.
21.10wouldrather表示"寧願"
wouldratherdo
wouldrathernotdo
wouldrather…than… 寧願……而不願。
還有wouldsooner,hadrather,hadsooner都表示"寧願"、"寧可"的意思。
IfIhaveachoice,Ihadsoonernotcontinuemystudiesatthisschool.
Iwouldratherstayherethangohome.=Iwouldstayhereratherthangohome.
典型例題
----Shallwegoskatingorstayathome
----Which___do
A.doyourather B.wouldyourather C.willyourather D.shouldyourather
答案B。本題考查情態動詞rather的用法,wouldrather dosth意為"寧願",本題為疑問句,would提前,所以選B。
21.11will和would
注意:
1)wouldlike;Wouldliketodo=wantto想要,為固定搭配。
Wouldyouliketogowithme
2)Willyou… Wouldyoulike…表示肯定含義的請求勸說時,疑問句中一般用some,而不是any。
Wouldyoulikesomecake
3)否定結構中用will,一般不用would,won''tyou是一種委婉語氣。
Won''tyousitdown
21.12情態動詞的回答方式
問句 肯定回答 否定回答
Needyou… Yes,Imust. No,Ineedn''t
Mustyou… /don''thaveto.