havegonebybus.

3)oughttohavedonesth,shouldhavedonesth

本應該做某事,而事實上並沒有做。否定句表示"不該做某事而做了"。

Yououghtto(should)havebeenmorecarefulinthisexperiment.

Heoughtnottohavethrowntheoldclothesaway.(事實上已扔了。)

oughtto在語氣上比should要強。

4)needn''thavedonesth 本沒必要做某事

Idressedverywarmlyforthetrip,butI needn''thavedoneso.Theweatherwashot.

5)wouldliketohavedonesth 本打算做某事

Iwouldliketohavereadthearticle,butIwasverybusythen.

21.8should和oughtto

should和oughtto都為"應該"的意思,可用於各種人稱。

---Oughthetogo

---Yes.Ithinkheoughtto.

表示要求,命令時,語氣由should(應該)、hadbetter最好)、must(必須)漸強。

21.9hadbetter表示"最好"

hadbetter相當於一個助動詞,它隻有一種形式,它後麵要跟動詞原形。

hadbetterdosth

hadbetternotdosth

Itisprettycold.You''dbetterputonmycoat.

She''dbetternotplaywiththedog.

hadbetterhavedonesth表示與事實相反的結果,意為"本來最好"。

Youhadbetterhavecomeearlier.

21.10wouldrather表示"寧願"

wouldratherdo

wouldrathernotdo

wouldrather…than… 寧願……而不願。

還有wouldsooner,hadrather,hadsooner都表示"寧願"、"寧可"的意思。

IfIhaveachoice,Ihadsoonernotcontinuemystudiesatthisschool.

Iwouldratherstayherethangohome.=Iwouldstayhereratherthangohome.

典型例題

----Shallwegoskatingorstayathome

----Which___do

A.doyourather  B.wouldyourather C.willyourather D.shouldyourather

答案B。本題考查情態動詞rather的用法,wouldrather dosth意為"寧願",本題為疑問句,would提前,所以選B。

21.11will和would

注意:

1)wouldlike;Wouldliketodo=wantto想要,為固定搭配。

Wouldyouliketogowithme

2)Willyou… Wouldyoulike…表示肯定含義的請求勸說時,疑問句中一般用some,而不是any。

Wouldyoulikesomecake

3)否定結構中用will,一般不用would,won''tyou是一種委婉語氣。

Won''tyousitdown

21.12情態動詞的回答方式

問句   肯定回答    否定回答

Needyou…  Yes,Imust.   No,Ineedn''t

Mustyou…           /don''thaveto.