前牙牙周病即刻種植及修複體會
齒科美容
作者:肖劍銳等
[摘要]目的:探討上頜前牙牙周病致牙槽骨吸收、患牙鬆動、功能喪失而不能保留時即刻種植的臨床技巧和不同修複方法的應用時機,評價牙周病牙槽骨吸收情況下即刻種植治療的效果。方法:2008年1月-2011年1月在我院實施上前牙牙周病即刻種植、固定修複病例30例,即刻種植輔以引導骨再生技術GBR(guided bone regeneration)、Onlay植骨、骨劈開技術及延深植入深度等,修複方式采用粘結固位、螺絲固位等:包括角度基台、個性化製作基台以及過渡義齒牙齦成形、牙冠頸部填加牙齦瓷等美學補償方式達到修複效果。結果:30例患者種植體穩定、修複效果良好,患者的主觀滿意度好、X線檢查種植體周圍骨質穩定、牙齦形態保持良好。結論:牙槽骨吸收的牙周病患者即刻種植隻要把握種植時機、種植術式,采取靈活的修複方案是可以達到較理想的治療效果的。
[關鍵詞]牙種植;即刻種植;牙周病;種植修複
[中圖分類號]R782.1 R783 [文獻標誌碼]A [文章編號]1008-6455(2015)10-0060-04
Immediate implantation and follow-up restoration in maxillary anterior tooth with periodontal disease
XIAO Jian-rui1,CHEN Yu-xuan1,LAN Gang2,CHEN Shu-jun1,CHEN Shuang-min1,GENG Yu1,
KONG Liang3
(1.Department of Stomatology,The 252nd Hospital of PLA,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China;2.Department of Surgery,The 252nd Hospital of PLA,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China;3. Department of Maxillofacial Surgery,School of Stomatology,The Fourth Military Medicine University, Xi'an 710032,Shaanxi,China)
Abstract: Objective To investigate clinical skills about immediate implantation in maxillary anterior tooth with serious periodontal disease and the application of various restorations,so to evaluate the clinical effects of implantation in periodontal disease with bone loss. Methods The study included 30 patients with hopeless maxillary single tooth of periodontal disease from Jan.2008 to Jan.2011.All patients accepted immediate implantation and finished with follow-up restorations.The implantation procure includes GBR,Onlay bone graft,alveolar bone split,deeper insertion and so on.The restoration adopts with adhesive and screw retention,with its abutment and esthetic assistance comprise of angle abutment,custom-made abutment,temporary restoration,gingival contour shaping and gingival porcelain decorating. Results All implants were stable with well osteointegration and restorations and patient satisfaction,the bone resorption was normal under X-ray detection and the gingival contour was fine. Conclusion Immediate implantation in alveolar with periodontal disease and severe bone loss is available if the occasions,the procedures and the flexible restorations are in assurance,and ideal effects can be obtained.
Key words:dental implant;immediate implantation;periodontal disease;implants restoration
牙周病是目前牙齒缺失的主要原因之一,上頜前牙的美觀和功能對人有著重要的影響。上前牙牙周病導致的牙齒鬆動、脫落,嚴重影響患者的生活質量,隨著附著喪失、牙槽骨吸收的加重,鄰牙的固位和支持力減弱,難以進行傳統的固定修複,過去常采用活動義齒修複,隨著種植技術和種植材料的完善,采取種植體固位和支持的修複方法,不僅解決了活動修複固位不良的問題,而且在功能和美觀上都可以得到很大的改善[1]。但是,牙周病患者牙由於周炎症的存在,缺牙區骨量嚴重不足、種植體植入過深致冠根比不協調[2]、前牙區美學效果不理想等問題,該類患者進行種植義齒治療,特別是即刻種植已經成為牙種植學的熱點和難點[3-4],並且上前牙區是主要的美觀區域,該部位對種植治療的要求較高,使得治療相對複雜。我院自2008年以來,采用不同方法行多例上前牙牙周病患者的即刻種植,進行了總結,希望為該治療程序的臨床應用提供參考。