銆€銆€鍏舵锛岀溮褰撲竴閮ㄥ垎浣滃锛屾斁鏉句簡瀵矽嚜宸變漢鏍煎緩璁劇殑瑕佹眰銆備綔鍝佹槸鐢變綔瀹跺壋浣滃嚭鏉ョ殑锛屼綔鍝佺殑閬撳痙姘村鉤锛屽弽鏄犵潃浣滃鐨勯亾寰風礌鍏彙€傝繃鍘夥紝鍦ㄢ€滃乏鈥濈殑鍜屾瀬宸︾殑鏂囧寲鏂歸拡涔嬩笅锛岀墖闈㈠湴寮鴻皟閭ｇ甯︽湁姝ц鎬х殑鎵€璋撴€濇兂鏀歸€狅紝紜疄閫犳垚浜嗚澶氱伨闅炬€х殑鍚庢灉锛屾悶寰椾綔瀹朵竴涓釜浣庣湁欏虹溂锛岃儐灝忔€嚘锛屼笉鏁㈣秺闆鋒睜涓€姝ャ€傚洜姝わ紝綰犳榪欑姝ц鎬х殑鏀跨瓥锛屾€葷粨鍘嗗彶鐨勬暀璁紝瀵逛簬瑙ｆ斁鑹烘湳鍒溳€犲姏锛屼績榪涚ぞ浼氫富涔夋枃瀛︾殑綣佽崳锛屾棤鐤戞槸蹇呰鐨勩€傝繖涔熸槸鏂囪壓鐣屾嫧涔卞弽姝ｇ殑閲嶈鍐呭涔嬩竴銆備絾鏄紝榪欏苟涓嶆剰鍛崇潃浣滃鍙互蹇界暐瀵矽嚜宸變漢鏍煎緩璁劇殑涓ユ牸瑕佹眰锛屼篃涓嶆剰鏄х潃鍙互鏀炬澗閬撳痙涓婄殑鑷緥銆傚簲璿ョ湅鍒幫紝浣滀負鐭ヨ瘑鍒嗗瓙鐨勪綔瀹訛紝鏄ぞ浼氱殑鑹績锛岃縐頒負浜虹被鐏甸瓊鐨勫伐紼嬪笀銆備粬浠殑浣滃搧涓€緇忓嚭鐗堬紝渚誇細浜х敓騫挎硾鐨勭ぞ浼氬獎鍝嶏紝璿昏€呭父浠ュ崈銆佷竾锛岀敋鑷充互鍗佷竾銆佺櫨涓囪銆傞亾寰鋒按騫抽珮灝氱殑浣滃搧锛屽浜庣ぞ浼氶姘旂殑鑷祰婕撹€屾煩姝ｏ紝浼氭湁宸ㄥぇ鐨勪績榪涗綔鐢紱鑰岄亾寰鋒按騫充綆涓嬬殑浣滃搧锛屽墶瀵圭ぞ浼氶亾寰風殑棰撹惤锛屼細浜х敓鎺ㄦ嚐鍔╂緶鐨勬晥搴斻€備簨瀹炰笂锛?0騫翠唬浠ユ潵锛岀殑紜湁浜涗弗鑲冩枃瀛︾殑浣滃锛屽洜涓哄彈涓嶄簡閲戦挶鍜岀墿璐ㄧ殑璿辨儜锛屼笉鑳借嚜鎸侊紝涓€鍛衝獨淇楋紝鏀炬澗浜嗗繀瑕佺殑鑷緥锛屼撫澶變簡鐞嗘兂鐨勮拷姹傦紝閬備嬌浣滃搧閬撳痙姘村鉤涓嬫粦銆?
銆€銆€鍐嶆锛岀悊璁烘壒璿勫湪90騫翠唬鍒濈殑鍑犲勾锛屽浜庝粠閬撳痙瑙掑害鍒囦漢鐨勭爺絀訛紝涔熸湁鎵€鏀炬澗锛屾湁鎵€蹇借銆備互鐞嗚鐮旂┒鑰岃锛屽湪80騫翠唬锛岀爺絀惰€呭湪娓呴櫎浠モ€滃乏鈥濆€炬暀鏉′富涔変負鐗圭偣鐨勫焊淇楃ぞ浼氬鐨勫€懼悜鏃訛紝涓昏鍏蟲敞鐐瑰湪鏂囧鑷韓鐨勫緹庣壒鐐癸紝鍦ㄦ枃瀛︾殑鐗規畩瑙勫緥锛岃€屽浜庣壒孌婅寰嬪拰瀹＄編鐗圭偣鐨勫己璋冿紝鍙堜互澶栧湪鐨勫艦璞℃€у拰鍐呭湪鐨勬儏鎰熸€т負涓夥紝涓嶅悓紼嬪害鍦板拷瑙嗕簡鐞嗘€х殑鍐呰暣鍜岀悊鎬х殑鑺傚埗銆傚彠澶栵紝鍦ㄥ己璋冪洿瑙傘€佺洿瑙夛紝寮鴻皟闈炵悊鎬х殑鎯呮锛屽己璋冩綔鎰忚瘑絳変綔涓哄悎鐞嗙殑浜烘€у洜緔犵殑鍚屾椂锛屼篃澶氬皯蹇借浜嗛亾寰蜂綔涓洪噸瑕佺殑鐞嗘€у姏閲忓浜庝漢鐨勬湰鑳界殑鐙傛毚涓€闈㈢殑鍒惰 銆傚彈榪欑鐞嗚鐮旂┒鐨勫ぇ嫻佺殑褰卞搷锛屾枃瀛︽壒璿勫疄璺典腑鐨勯亾寰峰彇鍚戯紝涔熷氨鐩稿鏄懼緱鍚勫急銆?
銆€銆€鐒惰€岋紝閬撳痙鐘跺喌鐨勯钀斤紝鍦ㄦ枃瀛﹂鍩熸瘯絝熸槸灞€閮ㄧ殑锛屾鍍忓湪瀹為檯鐢熸椿涓亾寰風殑棰撹惤鍙槸灞€閮ㄧ殑涓€鏍楓€備笉鑳戒竴鍙墮殰鐩紝浠ュ嚲姒傚叏锛岃涓烘暣涓枃瀛︾晫閮藉爼钀戒簡銆備簨瀹炰笂锛屽鏁頒綔瀹惰繕鏄敞鎰忚嚜宸變綔鍝佺殑搴旀湁鐨勯亾寰峰搧浣嶇殑锛屼粬浠垨鍦ㄤ綔鍝佷腑姝岄媧昏穬鍦ㄦ敼闈╁墠娌跨殑鏂板瀷浜虹墿鐨勯攼鎰忚繘鍙栵紝鍕囦簬寮€鎷撶殑涓氱嘩涓庡搧鏍?鎴栨弿鍐欑幇浠ｄ紒涓氬鐨勯絏烇紝瀵昏褰撲唬鑻遍泟锛屽瘎鎵樻柊鐨勪漢鏍肩悊鎯籌紱鎴栨彮闇叉棫浣撳埗鐨勫紛絝紝鎶ㄥ嚮鑵愯觸鐜拌薄锛岃〃鐜板嚭娣辨矇鐨勫咖鎮ｆ剰璿嗭紱鎴栧弽鎬濅互寰€鐨勫巻鍙茶紼嬶紝鎹竴涓搴︾湅浜恒€佺湅浜嬨€佺湅闂锛屽啀鎬濊€冦€佸啀璁よ瘑銆佸啀璿勪環锛屽緱鍑烘柊鐨勭粨璁衡€︹€︿粠榪欎簺浣滃搧涓紝鍙互鐪嬪嚭鍘嗗彶鍙橀潻鏈熶漢浠ぞ浼氱悊鎯熾€佷環鍊煎昂搴﹀拰閬撳痙瑙傚康鐨勫瑮鍙橈紝鐪嬪嚭鍦ㄥ競鍦虹粡嫻庢牸灞€鐨勫艦鎴愬拰鍙戝睍涓笌涔嬬溮閫傚簲鐨勯亾寰瘋鑼冪殑鍑虹幇銆傚敖綆¤繖浜涜鑼冨鏁板垰鍒氳悓鐢燂紝灝氫笉瀹屽锛屽鑱屼笟閬撳痙銆佽川閲忔剰璿嗐€佸悕鐗屾剰璿嗐€佷箟鍒╀箣杈紝榪樻湁浼佷笟鏂囧寲涓笌綺劇椋庤矊銆侀亾寰烽璨屾湁鍏崇殑涓滆タ絳夈€?
銆€銆€灝變綔瀹朵釜浜虹殑浜烘牸璿夋眰鑰岃█锛屼互澶╀笅蹇т箰涓哄繁浠夥紝鍏衝績鍥借繍姘戠樇锛屾椂鍒諱互鏅€氫漢鐨勭柧鑻﹀拰鎮叉涓哄康鑰?鐤炬伓濡備粐锛屼笉鎰垮悓嫻佸悎姹★紝鐫佸ぇ鐪肩潧鐪嬬潃緇欑ぞ浼氳繘姝ュ甫鏉ユ瀬澶ф崯瀹熾€佹瀬澶ч樆紕嶇殑璐熼潰鐜拌薄锛屽苟鍚戞煇浜涙櫘閬嶅瓨鍦ㄧ殑鎭惰銆佹伓涔犺繘鍑昏€呫€佺牓鏌變腑嫻佽€呫€佺壒絝嬬嫭琛岃€呫€佷弗鏍肩殑鑷垜瑙ｅ墫鑰呯瓑锛岄兘澶ф湁浜哄湪銆備粬浠殑浜烘牸鍚屼粬浠殑浣滃搧涓€璧鳳紝鍙楀埌璿昏€呯殑嬈㈣繋锛屽鍑€鍖栫ぞ浼氶姘旓紝璧風潃鏌愮琛ㄧ巼浣滅敤鍜屽鍚戜綔鐢ㄣ€?
銆€銆€鐞嗚鎵矽瘎鐣屽湪榪戜簩涓夊勾鏉ワ紝寮€濮嬪鏂囧鐣屽拰鏂囧浣滃搧鐨勯亾寰烽棶棰橈紝鏈変簡瓚婃潵瓚婂鐨勫叧娉ㄣ€傝繖縐嶅叧娉紝鐩稿浜庝緥濡傜粡嫻庡鐣屻€佺ぞ浼氬鐣屻€佸摬瀛︾晫鍜屼雞鐞嗗鐣岋紝紼嶆樉婊炲悗锛屼絾姣曠珶鑷?993銆?994騫翠互鏉ワ紝寮€濮嬫湁鎵€鏀瑰彉銆傝繖涓昏琛ㄧ幇鍦ㄨ繖鏍蜂竴浜涙柟闈細鍏朵竴锛屾槸鍏充簬浜烘枃綺劇鐨勮璁恒€傝繖涓璁猴紝鐢變竴鎵瑰勾杞葷殑瀛﹁€呭彂璧鳳紝鉶借鏈変簺涓誨紶鑴辯浜嗙幇浠ｅ競鍦虹粡嫻庡彂灞曠殑鐜板疄锛岀敋鑷崇珯鍦ㄨ繖涓€鍙戝睍鐨勫闈㈢珛璁猴紝浣嗕漢浠浜庨亾寰風幇鐘剁殑鏌愪簺蹇ц檻鍗村苟闈炵┖絀存潵椋庛€備漢鏂囩簿絏炵殑璁ㄨ甯︽湁嫻撳帤鐨勪雞鐞嗗唴娑碉紝瀹冨紩瀵肩珛鍦轟笉鍚岀殑瀛︿漢瀵圭溮鍏崇殑闂榪涜浜嗘繁鍏ユ寔緇殑鎬濊€冿紝淇冭繘鐫€鏁翠釜紺句細瀵歸亾寰楓€佸浜虹殑綺劇澧冪晫锛屽鏂囧寲浜虹殑鎿嶅畧鐨勯噸瑙嗐€傚叾浜岋紝涓€鎵規枃瀛︾爺絀跺銆佹壒璿勫銆佺悊璁哄锛屽ぇ澹扮柧鍛煎湴鏄庣‘鎻愬嚭閬撳痙闂鏉ユ帰璁紝鍚屾椂锛屽紑濮嬪涓€浜涘湪榪欐柟闈㈡湁鏄庢樉嬈犵己鐨勪綔瀹朵綔鍝侊紝榪涜浜嗘壒璿勶紝灝界浜夎棰囧ぇ銆傚叾涓夛紝浣滃浜烘牸寤鴻鐨勯棶棰橈紝鏂囧涓庨亾寰風殑鍏崇郴闂锛岄亾寰峰湪鏂囧涓殑涓粙浣滅敤闂絳夛紝閮藉紑濮嬪彈鍒伴噸瑙嗭紝騫朵笖宸叉湁鐞嗚涓婄殑涓撻棬鐮旂┒鍚姩銆?
銆€銆€鏂囧涓殑閬撳痙闂锛屼箣鎵€浠ュ紩璧蜂漢浠殑鍏蟲敞锛岀幇浠ｅ競鍦虹粡嫻庣殑鍙戝睍锛屼互鍙婁笌姝ょ溮鍏崇殑浜轟滑鐨勭敓瀛樻柟寮忋€佷氦寰€鏂瑰紡鐨勫彉榪侊紝鏄牴鏈殑鍔ㄥ姏鎵€鍦ㄣ€傚洜姝わ紝鏂扮殑閬撳痙锛屽彧鏈変粠甯傚満緇忔祹鐨勫緩絝嬪拰浠ユ涓鴻醬蹇冪殑鏁翠釜紺句細鐢熸椿鐨勫彉闈╀腑姹插彇鍔溳噺锛屽苟涓哄競鍦虹粡嫻庣殑鍋ュ悍鍙戝睍鍜岀ぞ浼氱敓媧葷殑鏈夊簭鍖栨湇鍔★紝鎵嶆湁鍙兘寤烘瀯璧鋒潵銆傛枃瀛︿腑鐨勯亾寰鳳紝鍙嶆槧鐨勪篃姝ｆ槸榪欐牱涓€縐嶈秼鍔褲€?
銆€銆€絎簩鑺傞亾寰風殑涓粙浣滅敤閬撳痙鍦ㄤ漢浠殑鏂囧媧誨姩涓紝璧風潃鏌愮涓粙浣滅敤銆傝繖鍙互浠庣ぞ浼氱敓媧誨鏂囧鐨勫獎鍝嶅拰鏂囧瀵圭ぞ浼氱敓媧葷殑褰卞搷涓や釜鏂歸潰鏉ヨ銆傜ぞ浼氱敓媧誨鏂囧鐨勫獎鍝嶏紝鐗瑰埆鏄畠浣滀負婧愭硥鐨勫獎鍝嶏紝涓昏琛ㄧ幇鍦ㄦ枃瀛︽椿鍔ㄧ殑鍒涗綔榪囩▼锛屾垨鍒涗綔闃舵锛涙枃瀛﹀紺句細鐢熸椿鐨勫獎鍝嶏紝鍒欎富瑕佽〃鐜板湪鏂囧媧誨姩鐨勬帴鍙楅樁孌碉紝涔熺О閴磋祻闃舵銆傚湪榪欎袱涓樁孌碉紝閬撳痙鐨勪腑浠嬩綔鐢紝鍥犱負鏂囧媧誨姩涓諱綋鐨勫彉鎻涳紙鍒涗綔闃舵鐨勪富浣撴槸浣滃锛岄壌璧忛樁孌電殑涓諱綋鍒欐槸璿昏€呫€夎€屾湁鎵€涓嶅悓锛屼絾榪欑浣滅敤鍗撮兘鏄瓨鍦ㄧ殑銆?
銆€銆€鍦ㄦ枃瀛︽椿鍔ㄧ殑鍒涗綔闃舵锛屽嵆浠庢病鏈変綔鍝佸埌緇忚繃浣滃鐨勫壋閫犳€у姵鍔ㄨ€屼駭鐢熶綔鍝佺殑媧誨姩涓紝閬撳痙鐨勪腑浠嬩綔鐢ㄦ槸鏄庢樉鐨勩€傝繖閲岀殑鎵€璋撲腑浠嬶紝鏄寚鎶婂悇縐嶉潪瀹＄編鍥犵礌杞寲涓哄緹庡洜緔犵殑涓粙锛屽嵆鍏堢粡鐢遍亾寰峰寲鑰屽悗杈懼埌瀹＄編鍖栵紝浣垮師鍏堝湪鐢熸椿涓笉涓€瀹氬叿澶囬壌璧忎環鍊肩殑涓滆タ鍙樻垚鍙緵閴磋祻鐨勫璞°€?
銆€銆€涓轟粈涔堟枃瀛﹀壋浣滀腑浼氬嚭鐜伴亾寰蜂腑浠嬬殑闂锛熻繖鏄敱鏂囧鐨勫璞′富瑕佹槸鍐欎漢銆佷漢鐨勮涓哄拰蹇冪悊榪欎釜鏈€鍩烘湰鐨勫墠鎻愯€屾潵鐨勩€傛墍璋撳啓浜猴紝瀹為檯涓婃槸鍐欎漢涓庡閮ㄤ笘鐣岀殑鍏崇郴锛屽寘鎷漢涓庤嚜鐒剁殑鍏崇郴锛屼互鍙婁粬涓庡懆鍥寸殑鍏朵粬浜?涓綋涓庣兢浣撱€夌殑鍏崇郴锛岃繖浜涘叧緋昏〃鐜頒負鍗忚皟涓庡啿紿侊紝緇熶竴涓庡絝嬶紝鍚堜綔涓庣煕鐩劇瓑銆?
銆€銆€浜轟笌鑷劧鐨勫叧緋夥紝鐪嬭搗鏉ユ槸闈炰雞鐞嗙殑锛岃鑼冭繖縐嶅叧緋葷殑鍘熷墶涔熶技涔庝笌閬撳痙鏃犲叧锛屽叾瀹炰笉鐒躲€傚湪涓浗浜虹殑浼犵粺瑙傚康閲岋紝鈥滃ぉ浜哄悎涓€鈥濇槸涓€涓噸瑕佺殑甯︽湁鏍稿績鎬х殑鏂囧寲鎬濇兂鑼冪暣锛岃繖縐嶅悎涓€瑙傚康锛屼笉浠呮槸鍎掑鐨勪雞鐞嗘€濇兂璧栦互絝栫珛璧鋒潵鐨勫熀鐭籌紝灝辨槸鍦ㄩ亾瀹墮『涔庤嚜鐒剁殑浼︾悊瑙備腑锛屼篃涓€鏍峰甫鏈夋湰璐ㄦ€с€備漢浠笉鍏夊彲浠ヤ粠鈥滃澶╂壙榪愨€濄€佲€滄浛澶╄閬撯€濅竴綾葷殑姝ｉ潰鎻愭硶涓紝鐪嬪嚭嫻撳帤鐨勯亾寰鋒剰鍛籌紝鍗充究浠庤嚦浠婁粛琚嬌鐢ㄧ殑鈥滄澶╄浜嬧€濄€佲€滀激澶╁鐞嗏€濅竴綾葷殑璐箟璿嶄腑锛屼篃涓嶉毦浣撲細鍑哄己鐑堢殑浼︾悊璿勪環鐨勮壊褰╂潵銆傚湪浜虹被鐢熷瓨鐜鏃ヨ秼鎭跺寲銆佺幆澧冩剰璿嗘棩娓愯閱掔殑浠婂ぉ锛屽湡鍦拌崚婕犲寲鍔犲墽锛屽ぇ姘旀薄鏌撲弗閲嶏紝閰擱洦鎴愮伨锛岃崏鍘熼€€鍖栵紝媯灄鍑忓皯锛岀墿縐嶆秷澶憋紝鍐嶅姞涓婃俯瀹ゆ晥搴旀剤鐩婃槑鏄撅紝鍘勫皵灝艱鐜拌薄鍛ㄦ湡緙╃煭锛岃嚟姘у眰絀烘礊鎵╁ぇ锛岀瓑絳夛紝瓚婃潵瓚婂紩璧峰叏浣撳湴鐞冩潙灞呮皯鐨勫叧娉ㄣ€傚悇鍥界殑鏈夎瘑涔嬪＋寮€濮嬭璿嗗埌锛屼漢鍜岃嚜鐒剁殑鍏崇郴锛屽苟涓嶆槸涓€縐嶆帬澶哄拰琚帬澶虹殑鍏崇郴锛屽緛鏈嶅拰琚緛鏈嶇殑鍏崇郴锛岃€屾槸涓€縐嶄緷瀛樺叧緋夥紝鐢熸€佸鉤琛″叧緋彙€備漢浠拷鐒跺彂鐜幫紝鐮村潖鐜锛屽氨鏄牬鍧忚嚜韜殑鐢熷瓨鏉′歡;姣佺伃鍏朵粬鐗╃锛岄€嗗ぉ琛屼簨锛屼篃灝辨槸姣佺伃浜鴻嚜韜€備漢綾昏揪鍒拌繖鏍風殑璁よ瘑锛屽叾鎰忎箟涓嶄笅浜庢枃鑹哄鍏存椂浠ｅ拰鍚挋鏃朵唬杈懼埌浜烘槸涓績銆佷漢鏄洰鐨勭殑浜洪亾涓諱箟鐨勮璿嗐€備簬鏄紝浠栦滑涓嶅緱涓嶆妸瀵矽嚜宸辨棌綾葷殑鐙皧鎵╁睍涓哄鍏朵粬鐗╃鐨勫皧閲嶏紝瀵瑰ぇ鑷劧鐨勫皧閲嶃€傚湪褰撲唬涓浗鏂囧涓紝鐜繚棰樻潗鐨勫彈鍒伴噸瑙嗭紝鐜繚浣滃搧鐨勫ぇ閲忔穠鐜幫紝浠ヨ嚦寮€濮嬫眹鎴愰噸瑕佺殑鍒涗綔娼祦锛屾槸涓€浠墮潪甯稿€煎緱鍏蟲敞鐨勪簨鎯呫€備粠榪欎簺浣滃搧鐨勭珛鎰忓拰鎵€鍙嶆槧鐨勫唴瀹規潵鐪嬶紝浜轟笌鑷劧鐨勫叧緋夥紝宸蹭笉浠呬粎鏄竴縐嶇墿璐ㄤ氦鎹㈢殑鍏崇郴锛屾洿閲嶈鐨勪篃鏄竴縐嶄雞鐞嗙殑鍏崇郴锛氱牬鍧忕幆澧冿紝灝辨槸涓嶉亾寰風殑锛屽氨鏄伓銆備粠榪欐牱鐨勯珮搴﹀嚭鍙戯紝鍙嶆€濅互寰€锛屼漢浠紑濮嬩綋鎮熷埌锛屽師鏉モ€滀漢瀹氳儨澶┾€濓紝鈥滆楂樺北浣庡ご锛岃娌蟲按鏀歸亾鈥濓紝鈥滃枬浠や笁灞變簲宀衝紑閬擄紝鎴戞潵浜嗏€濅箣綾昏繃鍘諱竴搴﹀枈寰楀緢鍝嶇殑璞█澹锛屼篃鍙兘鍖呭惈涓嶉亾寰風殑涓€闈€傝タ鏂逛漢鍒頒簡浠婂ぉ锛屽埌浜嗗繀欏婚潰瀵圭敓鎬佺牬鍧忔墍閫犳垚鐨勬伓鏋滄椂锛屾墠蹇界劧鍙戠幇浜嗕腑鍥戒漢鍙よ€佺殑鈥滃ぉ浜哄悎涓€鈥濊蹇碉紝鍙戠幇浜嗗叾涓墍鍖呭惈鐨勭幇浠ｇ幆淇濇剰璿嗙殑钀岃娊锛涜€屼腑鍥界殑鐜繚涓撳鍜岀幆淇濇枃瀛﹀浠紝鍒欐槸鍦ㄤ竴涓洿楂樺眰嬈′笂鍚戣嚜宸辯瀹楃殑浼熷ぇ鏂囧寲浼︾悊瑙傚康鍥炲綊銆?